Ucwaningo ngezifo ezithikameza amaphaphu
UKUSUKUMELA izifo eziphazamisa ukusebenza kwamaphaphu ezinganeni kungasiza ngokuthi zingazitholi zinenkinga uma sezikhulile.
Ucwaningo lwakamuva lukhombisa ukuthi iningi labantu abanezifo eziphazamisa ukusebenza kwamaphaphu lokhu kubaqale besebancane.
Yize ukubhema kuthathwa njengezinye zezizathu eziholela ekutheni abantu babe nezifo ezithikameza ukusebenza kwamaphaphu, ucwaningo olukhishwe yiThe Lancet lukhombisa ukuthi izifo eziphatha abantu beseyizingane njengeasthma, pneumonia, bronchitis, eczema nokuhogela intuthu kagwayi ngoba abazali bebhema kubeka iningi engcupheni.
Ucwaningo lwesibili oluphume emqingweni ofanayo nalo lukhombisa ukuthi ukubhekana nalezi zifo ezinganeni kungenza umehluko ekusebenzeni kwamaphaphu azo uma sezikhulile.
USolwazi Shyamali Dharmage, wesikhungo semfundo ephakeme i-University of Melbourne, e-Australia uthe ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi kubalulekile ukugwema ukulimala kwamaphaphu ezinganeni njengoba kunomthelela empilweni yazo uma sezindala. Uthe abakutholile kwenza kube lula ukuthola izindlela zokuvikela amaphaphu, izifo eziphazamisa ukusebenza kwawo nokuthola izindlela zokuzelapha kalula kungakenzeki umonakalo omkhulu.
“Imiphumela iqhakambisa ukubaluleka kokuvimbela izimo ezingaholela ekutheni amaphaphu angakhuli ngendlela ezinganeni nokugcina sekubeke abantu engozini yokuthola izifo ezikhahlameza amaphaphu uma sebekhulile. Kulindeleke ukuthi izifo eziphazamisa ukusebenza kwamaphaphu zibalwe kwezintathu ezizohamba phambili ekubulaleni abantu emhlabeni ngo2030 ngakho kubalulekile ukuthi sisheshe sithole ukuthi yini edala lezi zifo nokuthi yini engenziwa ukuzigwema,” kusho uSolwazi Dharmage.
Uthe okunye okubalulekile wukugqugquzela abesifazane abakhulelwe ukuthi bangabhemi bekhulelwe. Okunye ukugqugquzela ababhemayo ukuthi balandele imigomo efanele yokuvikela abantu abangabhemi bangahogeli intuthu kagwayi ngesikhathi bona bebhema nokugqugquzela ukugonywa kwezingane zigomela izifo.
Abacwaningi bathe abantu abane-asthma kufanele bexwayiswe ngezinkinga ezingadalwa ukungazinakekeli nokungayilandeli imigomo yokuyidambisa.
Kucwaningo oluveze ingozi yokunganakwa kwezifo ezithikameza ukungasebenzi kwamaphaphu ezinganeni kubhekwe isimo sempilo sabantu abangu-2438 kusuka beyizingane kuze kube bahlanganisa iminyaka engu-53. Kubhekwe izizathu ezaholela ekutheni abanezinkinga zamaphaphu bazithole bekulesi simo.
Bathole ukuthi iningi labazithole benenkinga yamaphaphu abantu okuthe besebancane bathola izifo okubalwa kuzo i-asthma, bronchitis, pneumonia nezinye. Baphinde bathola ukuthi abanye babo bakhule benabazali abaneasthma, ababhemayo, ababebhema ngesikhathi bekhulelwe noma bebhema behleli nabo. Abanye yibona abakhule beneasthma nabangenwe umkhuba wokubhema.
Abacwaningi bathe lokhu kufanele kucacise ukubaluleka kokulandela ubungozi obubekwa yizinto izingane ezihlangabezana nazo uma zikhula namathuba okuthi zigcine seziphethwe yizifo eziphazamisa ukusebenza kwamaphaphu neziba yinkinga kakhulu uma abantu bebhema sebekhulile noma bengenwa yi-asthma.
Baphinde baveza ukuthi ukunganakwa kwezimo ezibeka izingane engozini kungenza ukuthi isimo sokusebenza kwamaphaphu sibe sibi kakhulu uma sezingenwa yizifo eziphazamisa ukusebenza kwamaphaphu sezindala.
“Kubalulekile ukuthi abazali bakhuthazwe ukuthi bangabhemi nokugqugquzela ukugoma nokuthi abantu bakugweme nje ukubhema ukuze babe namaphaphu asebenza ngendlela nokuthi bagweme ukungenwa yizifo eziphazamisa ukusebenza kwawo uma sebekhulile,” kusho abacwaningi.
USolwazi Erika von Mutitus wesikhungo semfundo ephakeme iLudwig Maximilians University, eGermany, uthe isikhathi esiningi bekukholakala ukuthi izifo eziphazamisa ukusebenza kwamaphaphu zidalwa ukubhema kodwa kube neziguli ezingakaze zibheme ezitholakala zinazo. Uthe lokhu kusho ukuthi kusuke kufanele kulandelwe indlela abantu abakhule ngayo uma betholakala nezifo eziphazamisa ukusebenza kwamaphaphu.
“Okubalulekile ukuthi ukubhema komama bekhulelwe nokungenwa yi-asthma umuntu esemncane kubeka abantu engozini yokungenwa yizifo ezithikameza ukusebenza kwamaphaphu futhi kuphazamisa ukusebenza kwamaphaphu kwabanye uma sebebadala ikakhulu labo abaqoke ukubhema sebekhulile nalabo abangenwe yi-asthma sebebadala,” kusho uSolwazi Von Mutitus