Day Zero stalks Eastern Cape’s towns

Two farming towns in the Eastern Cape might have to face their Day Zero before Cape Town. The only dam supplying the area is at a critical level, and the sinking of boreholes is being hampered by a rocky and mountainous terrain.

The severe drought in Hankey and Patensie in the Gamtoos Valley prompted the Kouga Municipality to introduce strict water rationing in August last year.

Executive mayor Elza van Lingen told GroundUp on Wednesday that Day Zero, when the municipality would no longer be able to provide water through the taps, was mid-March.

“I cannot give an exact date but, according to our estimates, if we cannot receive good rains now in our catchment area, then by mid-March we will have Day Zero,” Van Lingen said.

According to a 2016 Statistics South Africa survey, Hankey had a population of about 12000 people and Patensie 5500 people. Another 40 000 people were estimated to be living in the surrounding rural communities.

The main economic driver of the towns is agriculture — citrus, vegetables, watermelons and maize are the main crops.

Van Lingen said the drought had led to job losses on farms and she expected more losses if it did not rain.

“The towns receive an annual quota from the Kouga Dam. The demand for water has been increasing as the population has grown and the annual quota has not been sufficient to meet the demand for these past few years.

“The towns receive water from the Gamtoos government water scheme, which is administered by the Gamtoos irrigation board. The scheme consists of the Kouga Dam and the downstream canal system.

“The level of the Kouga Dam was at 9.75% this morning [30 January]. The dam could be empty by midMarch if no significant rain falls in the catchment area,” Van Lingen said.

Chairperson of the Patensie Farmers’ Association Petros du Preez said he was afraid that if it did not rain, crops would wilt and there would be massive job losses.

“We are desperate. We depend on irrigation for our crops. The Kouga Dam has reached a historically low level and this will soon affect our crops as there won’t be any water to irrigate the farms.

“The other option is to sink boreholes, but borehole water is not sufficient to irrigate our crops. I am afraid this will have an effect on the economy of the area because of massive job losses.”

Van Lingen said an emergency action plan had been compiled and the municipality had approached the Gamtoos irrigation board and the department of water and sanitation for funds.

The plan involved surveying sites for drilling boreholes near the Kouga Dam at a cost of R28-million.

But, Van Lingen said, the Gamtoos Valley is not suitable for the sinking of boreholes.

Recently, a borehole had been drilled about 7km from Hankey to a depth of 225m but no water was found.

Van Lingen said: “The municipality will further be installing rainwater tanks at municipal buildings and would like to encourage other state departments to do so as well.

“The broader solution is the development of a desalination plant at Jeffreys Bay. This will allow us to meet the coastal towns’ water requirements and their quota from other dams in the area can then be used for Hankey and Patensie. It will cost about R323-million to build the plant, which will secure Kouga’s short- to medium-term water requirements.”

She pleaded with the public to use water sparingly.

Ward councillors had been asked to speak to their constituencies about the seriousness of the situation and public meetings were being held this week in the worst affected areas to come up with a joint plan, Van Lingen said. — GroundUp