Turkey, Romania, Bulgaria ink deal to clear Black Sea mines

Turkey, Romania and Bulgaria signed an agreement yesterday on a joint plan to clear mines floating in the Black Sea as a result of the war in Ukraine, following months of talks between the Nato allies.

Turkish Defence Minister Yasar Guler, his Romanian counterpart Angel Tilvar and Bulgaria’s Deputy Defence Minister Atanas Zapryanov signed a memorandum of understanding in Istanbul to form a trilateral initiative to clear the explosives.

“With the start of the war, a threat of floating mines in the Black Sea has arisen. To combat it ... we agreed to form a Black Sea mine countermeasures task group,” Guler said at the signing ceremony.

Sea mines have posed a threat to Ukraine’s export routes via the Black Sea since Russia’s invasion in February 2022 and several commercial ships have been hit, including a bulk carrier heading to the River Danube port to load grain in December.

Three minehunting ships from each country and one command control ship, will be assigned to the initiative, a Turkish defence ministry official said.

Naval commanders of the three countries will form a committee to run the operation, Guler said, and it might include other Black Sea states after the war in Ukraine ends.

Guler said Turkey viewed potential contributions to this initiative by non-Black Sea Nato allies as valuable but it will only be open to ships of the “three littoral allied countries”.

Turkey said last week it would not allow two minehunter ships donated to Ukraine by Britain to transit its waters en route to the Black Sea since it would violate the 1936 Montreux Convention, an international pact concerning wartime passage of the Bosphorus and Dardanelles straits.

“As Turkey, we have implemented the Montreux Convention carefully, responsibly and impartially, which ensures the balance in the Black Sea,” Guler said.

Defence ministers from the three Black Sea countries held talks on the mine clearing plan at a Nato meeting in Brussels in October last year and in Ankara in November as they worked to finalise the initiative.

Ankara, which maintains good ties with both Kyiv and Moscow, is also working with the UN, Ukraine, and Russia to revive the Black Sea grain initiative which Moscow quit last year, though there have been no public signs of progress on those talks. —