The heart of a 20-year-old at age of 70

Eat right, stay trim and exercise

IMAGINE having the clear, supple, healthy blood vessels of a 20-year-old in your 70s. It’s possible, but “challenging”, a new study suggests.

Still, if you eat right, exercise and stay trim, you have a shot at offsetting age-related blood vessel degeneration, according to this study of more than 3 000 adults.

Genetics played less of a role than lifestyle in keeping blood vessels young, the researchers found. Over time, blood vessels stiffen and blood pressure rises, leading to a significant risk for heart disease and stroke, said Dr Teemu Niiranen.

He is a research fellow at Boston University School of Medicine and the Framingham Heart Study.

“We didn’t find any magic bullet that kept people’s blood vessels young,” he said. “It seems that these are people who just lead a very healthy lifestyle.”

Heart disease is really a lifestyle disease, Niiranen said. And a lifetime of poor eating habits and sedentary living – hallmarks of Western culture – take their toll, he said.

“When you get over 70, it is hard to maintain a normal vasculature – it’s possible, but it’s very challenging,” Niiranen said.

But in many indigenous hunter-gatherer populations high blood pressure is the exception, not the rule, he said. Those groups rely on foraging and hunting to obtain food.

For the study, Niiranen and his colleagues collected data on nearly 3 200 adults aged 50 and older enrolled in the Framingham Heart Study – a long-term project run by the US National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute.

Staying lean and not developing diabetes were the keys to keeping blood vessels young, he said. Low cholesterol levels also contributed to maintaining healthy blood vessels.

The study looked for an association between healthy vascular ageing and adherence to the American Heart Association’s “Life’s Simple 7” healthy heart goals.

People who met six out of seven goals were 10 times more likely to have healthy blood vessels as they aged than those who met none, the researchers found. The goals include:

● Keep blood pressure normal.

● Keep cholesterol low.

● Keep blood sugar down.

● Stay active.

● Eat healthy.

● Lose weight.

● Stop smoking.

People who had healthy blood vessels had a 55% lower risk of developing heart disease or stroke, Niiranen said.

Dr Byron Lee, a professor of medicine and director of electro-physiology laboratories and clinics at the University of California, San Francisco, said: “We may not have found the fountain of youth, but we now know what can keep your arteries young.”

Simple things such as eating right, staying active, and managing your blood pressure and cholesterol seem to slow and sometimes even stop the stiffening of arteries once considered inevitable, he said.

Among the study participants, the researchers looked for those with normal blood pressure and supple blood vessels, measured by pulse-wave velocity.

These individuals were defined as having healthy blood vessels.

Overall, just under 18% of the participants had healthy blood vessels. Younger participants were most likely to have healthy vessels, the findings showed.

While about 30% of those aged 50-59 had healthy blood vessels, only 1% of those 70 and older did, Niiranen said.

“It is possible for everyone to maintain a vasculature of a 20-year-old into old age, but it takes hard work,” he said.

The report was published online this week in the journal Hypertension. – The New York Times