Fact sheet on women shows mix of success, failure
THE SOUTH African Institute of Race Relations recently released its August Fast Facts ‘wathint’ abafazi, wathint’ imbokodo’. The data reveals a mixed bag of success and failure.
At household level, the provinces with the highest proportion of female-headed houses are the Eastern Cape (51.2%), Limpopo (49.4%) and KwaZulu-Natal (47.4%).
In terms of household tenure, across all race groups more females than males live in households they own and have fully paid off. In particular, 65.4% of black females have households which are owned and fully paid off, compared to 46.9% of black men.
The life expectancy of South Africa’s female population fares poorly against other countries. The proportion of female children born in 2015 who are expected to survive to the age of 65 and older in South Africa is 48.4% compared to 65% in Botswana, 50.4% in Mozambique and 60.2% in Uganda.
South Africa fares even worse compared to its Brics counterparts – the proportion in Brazil is 84.8%, China 87.2% and India 74.3%.
In education, the picture looks better for women. Females account for 51.3% of the population aged 20 and older who have completed Grade 12, and 52.9% of the population aged 20 and older who have completed post-school education.
Yet, female involvement in the labour market is low. The female labour market participation rate is 51.7% whereas the male labour market participation rate stands at 69.5%. Also, employment in management remains skewed in favour of men, with only 21.4% of females holding positions in top management, for instance.
Electorally, it would seem women have a voice in South Africa’s politics. Some 54.9% of registered voters are female. Although South Africa has never had a female president, it has one of the highest representation rates of women within Parliament – 41.7% of South Africa’s MPs are women compared to 15.8% in Botswana, 17.4% in Ghana and 12% in Nigeria.
But it is not only relative to African counterparts where South Africa fares well; in Australia the percentage of female MPs stands at 24.1%, Germany 33.3% and the UK at 30.8%. As victims of crime, adult females (54%) and children (39%) tend to be victims of sexual offences whereas adult males more often are disproportionately victims of murder (82%) and serious assault (65%).
“While progress can be seen, there is a need for a further upturn in the socio-economic status of women in South Africa. Policy focus should be aimed at a more inclusive economy, including the safety and security of women,” said IRR research analyst, Unathi Matwasa.
It seems women have a voice in SA politics