RELATIONAL SIGNS
product of, times
Division: ÷ can also mean divisor, dividend, quotient
The relational signs that are important are equal, greater than /and less than.
Equal to: = eg , km = m ( , km is equal to m) Greater than: > eg > ,
( is greater than Less than: < eg g < kg
( g is less than kg) ,)
Other useful terms:
Multiples: Multiples are numbers in which the given number can be equally divided, e.g. multiples of are , , , , ; multiples of are , , , , .
Factors: A factor is an integer that can exactly divide into a specific number without a remainder, e.g. factors of are , , , . Powers: A power indicates the number of times a number must be multiplied by itself, e.g. ² ( to the power of ) means: × , and ³ ( to the power of ) means: × × . Square root: This is a number that when multiplied by itself yields the given number, e.g. the square root of is . ( x = ). It is sometimes called squared.
In mathematics questions, it will be asked like this: Calculate √. The answer is . Or, calculate √ . The answer is .
Numbers: This is another word for digits or numerals.
There are different types of numbers: Natural numbers: ; ; ; ; ; ; . . . Counting numbers: ; ; ; ; ; ; . . .
Integers: . . .; -; - ; -; ; ; ; ; . . .
Even numbers: ; ; ; ; ; . . .
Odd numbers: ; ; ; ; ; . . .
Prime numbers (all natural numbers divisible only by and the number itself): ; ; ; ; ; ; ; . . .
Composite or divisible numbers (have more than factors, for example everything except prime numbers): ; ; ; ; ; . . .
Square numbers (the factors are the same number multiplied by itself): (×); ( × ); (×); (×); . . .
S - Subtract (from le¡ to right)
Look at these examples:
x ( – ) Do the subtraction first, because it’s in brackets, and then the multiplication x =
+ ² Complete the power first, ² = x = , then you add + =
x ÷ Multiplication and division are equal in the order of operations. Here you simply complete the sum from le¡ to right ÷ =
– + Addition and subtraction are equal in the order of operations. Here you simply complete the sum from le¡ to right: + =
– x Complete the multiplication first, then do the subtraction: – =