Berlin marks 30 years of wall’s fall
PROMINENT LEADERS SKIP ANNIVERSARY
>>BERLIN: Germany yesterday was marking 30 years since the fall of the Berlin Wall that ushered in the end of communism and national reunification, as the Western alliance that helped secure those achievements is riddled with divisions.
Two days before the date that brought epochal change, France’s President Emmanuel Macron dropped a bombshell, declaring that transatlantic partnership Nato was suffering from “brain death” and that Europe itself was “on the brink”.
Chancellor Angela Merkel responded with uncharacteristic sharpness, saying on Thursday “I don’t think that such sweeping judgements are necessary”, and the ensuing storm over Nato laid bare the growing differences among traditional allies.
The bad-tempered prelude to the festivities stood in sharp contrast to celebrations five years ago, when former Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev and ex-Polish president and freedom icon Lech Walesa were present.
This time, leaders of former Cold War powers will be absent, as Donald Trump’s America First policy, Britain’s
Brexit struggles and Russia’s resurgence put a strain on ties.
US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo’s visit ended on Friday while Mr Macron was only planning a flying visit today, leaving the actual anniversary of Nov 9 without globally prominent figures.
Mr Pompeo also left behind a stark warning: “As we celebrate, we must also recognise that freedom is never guaranteed.”
“Today, authoritarianism is once again rising,” he said, name-checking China and Russia.
Carrying a similar message, the EU’s incoming chief Ursula von der Leyen noted that the euphoric optimism over liberal democracy and freedom that characterised Nov 9, 1989 has dissipated.
“Today, we have to admit that our complacency was naive,” said Ms Leyen.
Russia is “using violence to shift established borders in Europe, and is trying to fill every vacuum that the US has left behind”.
And hopes that China would develop closer to the Western liberal democracy model has not been fulfilled, she said.
Beyond the cracks surfacing in the global arena, a new chasm is opening up within Germany itself with the farright gaining a strong foothold in the former communist states.
Underlining the problem herself, Ms Merkel said those who thought the differences between the former communist east and the capitalist west could be ironed out earlier, sees “that it would take half a century or more”.
Debate has also opened up more intensively over the differences between the east and west as “nationalist and protectionist trends have gained ground worldwide, thereby fuelling more discussion too form a national perspective”, Ms Merkel told Sueddeutsche Zeitung.
Amid the sombre mood, a serious political programme was planned for yesterday, with central European presidents to headline the official ceremonies.
They were to join Ms Merkel and President Frank-Walter Steinmeier to mark their countries’ “contribution ... to the peaceful revolution” that led to the collapse of the communist regime.
Ms Merkel was to speak at the Chapel of Reconciliation, which stands on a stretch of the former Berlin Wall border strip where locals jumped from windows the day the wall was built to escape the communist East, while others later dug tunnels towards the West.
Mr Steinmeier was also set to make a speech at the Brandenburg Gate in the evening, before a series of concerts including one by the prestigious Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra.