Government support boosts Islamic banking in CIS states
Islamic banking will grow substantially in Commonwealth of Independent States in the next five years from a low base, driven by government initiatives to boost the sector, Moody’s Investors Service said in a report on Thursday.
“Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan are set to lead this expansion of Islamic banking,” said Svetlana Pavlova, assistant vice president and analyst at Moody’s.
“These countries have large Muslim populations, and are notable for their governments’ commitment and progress in establishing better legal and regulatory infrastructure for Islamic finance.”
Kazakhstan’s government aims to boost the share of Islamic banking assets to 3 per cent of total banking assets in the country by 2025 from the current 0.2 per cent. In Kyrgyzstan, the National Bank of the Kyrgyz Republic plans to grow the share of Islamic finance in total banking system assets to 5 per cent by 2021 from the current 1.4 per cent.
In Tajikistan, a law to lay out a foundation for Islamic banking took effect in 2014 and since then, the central bank and the government have been working together to amend other existing laws and regulations to enable the development of the sector.
Uzbekistan is developing legislation to govern Islamic finance with support from JeIslamic Development Bank, based in Jeddah. It has provided more than $7 billion (Dh25.7bn) in funds to CIS countries, of which more than half has gone to Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan.
Russia, with a Muslim population of close to 15 million, has the lowest growth potential among CIS countries owing to the lack of an Islamic bank as and initiatives to expand Sharia finance, according to the report.
But some individual banks in Russia are seeking ways to meet potential demand for Sharia-compliant products and services under existing laws.
Sberbank, the largest commercial bank by assets in Russia, is looking to offer Islamic services to customers, starting with businesses and launched an Islamic payment application in 2019. Bank AK Bars, the largest bank in the Republic of Tatarstan (Russia), in 2019 introduced a pilot Islamic mortgage product.
The report also mentions regulatory hurdles in the growth of Islamic banking in CIS countries.
For example, asset purchases and resales, which are part of many standard Islamic finance transactions, are subject to value-added taxes unless authorities grant exemptions.
In some countries, Islamic banks’ deposits are not covered by state deposit insurance systems. Further, Islamic banks cannot use central banks’ conventional liquidity and funding facilities because they all bear interest.
“These disadvantages mean Islamic banks have higher funding and operating costs compared with mainstream lenders,” the report says.
In addition, the sector’s growth is impeded by the absence of accommodating regulations.
For example, Kazakhstan and several other CIS jurisdictions do not allow conventional banks to operate Islamic windows – divisions established within conventional banks to provide Sharia-compliant services.