History

SAS: Rogue Heroes

Ben Macintyre (Viking, £25)

THE SAS has long excited the British public. Images of its daring activities, from the North African desert during the Second World War to London’s besieged Iranian Embassy in 1980, have become iconic. The regiment has also long excited authors, largely because of the British Government’s flat refusal to comment on anything connected with the Special Forces—and quite right, too: there are some things that must remain a matter of trust between the taxpayer and those we elect to govern us, whose primary responsibility remains our security.

The Second World War is, however, long enough ago for the usual caveats to be relaxed. Ben Macintyre has now written the ‘authorised’ history of the regiment, covering the period from 1941, when it was founded in North Africa, to 1945. He emphasises that this is an authorised as opposed to an official history, because, although he had access to the regimental archive, and particularly its war diary, he offers his own interpretation of its exploits. The end result is both well informed and very readable.

It would be almost impossible to make this story dull. Lying in a hospital bed in Cairo recover- ing from a parachuting accident caused by an illicit jump with an improvised canopy that got caught round the aeroplane’s tail fin, an otherwise undistinguished Scots Guards officer dreams up the idea of dropping small groups of determined men deep behind enemy lines to raid enemy airfields.

Against all the odds and the layers of ‘fossilised shit’, as he rather unkindly called the army staff, he gathered a group of 60 like-minded men and planned their first parachute operation for

Food Fights & Culture Wars: A Secret History Of Taste Tom Nealon (British Library, £20)

The author of this eccentric volume has an antiquarian bookshop in Boston, Massachusetts, USA, called Pazzo Books (translation: Mad Books). At one time, he decided to cook every ingredient mentioned in Chaucer, but was foiled by a law forbidding the killing of peacocks (presumably in Boston, not here). Instead, he’s written a book full of unlikely theories, such as that the Crusades encouraged fish farming and, even more wild, that Paris was spared the worst of the bubonic plague because lemonade was in fashion.

It’s all terrific fun and, I suppose, could all be true—although how have historians surmised that cannibals prefer to roast their enemies and only boil their friends (not that the ingredient would have felt strongly either way)? We learn that the word barbecue comes from the Caribs, as does the word cannibal; some connection, surely? Leslie Geddes Brown November 1941. Launched, against advice, in the teeth of a storm, it was a disaster; 21 men returned out of 55. However, David Stirling was not deterred. Although parachuting would remain core to SAS operations, the preferred method of insertion now became via the Long Range Desert Group, which had already been successfully inserting small reconnaissance parties through the great sand sea of the Qattara Depression.

The SAS went on to play a major part in the defeat of Axis Forces in North Africa. Rommel wrote in his diary that it had as much effect psychologically on his men as it did physically, although Paddy Mayne, Stirling’s second in command, destroyed more aircraft during the war than any other individual—he just did so on the ground.

Support from Churchill, whose son, Randolph, Stirling cleverly recruited to his ranks, ensured the regiment’s future and it would also play a key part in operations in Europe, particularly over D Day.

What is so interesting about this book is that the author looks at each SAS man as an individual. There’s a long-held myth that SAS members are all super-fit psychopathic killers. This is, of course, rubbish and he points out that Stirling set the pattern for recruiting the intellectual, the linguist and the specialist, as long as they were fit, brave and determined.

Above all, Rogue Heroes is the story of men in combat and how it affects them. SAS casualties during the war were extraordinarily high, partly because of the nature of its operations, but also because of Hitler’s now infamous ‘Commando Order’, which ordered all Allied soldiers taken behind enemy lines to be summarily executed. Many SAS soldiers were betrayed by Schurch, the British Fascist, who was an enemy agent and the only serving British soldier to be hanged for espionage during the war.

In addition to its physical effect on the ground, it’s worth contemplating two other really valuable contributions made by the wartime regiment. First, it gave a huge boost to morale in North Africa at a time when many British soldiers considered Rommel unbeatable. Second, and we should all be very grateful for this, it was the forefather of today’s Special Forces, who do so much to keep us all safe.