Allergic rhinitis

What is it?

This is mostly hayfever to you and me. It’s inflammation of the inside of the nose caused by an allergen, such as pollen, dust, mould, or flakes of skin from certain animals (dander).

It’s common, around one in five people in the UK have it.

What are the symptoms? Sneezing, itchiness and a blocked or runny nose, starting soon after being exposed to an allergen.

Most people display mild symptoms that can be easily and effectively treated.

A few can have severe and persistent symptoms, causing sleep problems and these can interfere with everyday life.

What are the causes?

Allergic rhinitis is caused by the immune system reacting to an allergen as if it were harmful, resulting in cells releasing chemicals that cause the internal layer of your nose (the mucous membrane) to become swollen and produce excessive mucus.

When to see your GP

You should get an appointment if the symptoms are disrupting your sleep, preventing you from carrying out everyday activities, or adversely affecting your performance at work or school.

What’s the treatment?

Try to avoid a particular allergen that you know is triggering your allergic rhinitis.

If the condition is mild, take over-the-counter medications such as non-sedating antihistamines, and try a steroid nasal spray, eye drops and rinsing your nasal passages with a saltwater solution.

See your GP if taking these steps hasn’t helped. They may be able to prescribe a stronger medication for you to take.