2m acres of grassland lost to development and woods in 25 years

Almost two million acres of grassland have been lost to urban development and new woods across Britain in the past 25 years, satellite analysis shows.

The UK Centre of Ecology and Hydrology (UKCEH) has used high-resolution data from satellites to assess how land use has changed in Great Britain between 1990 and 2015.

It found there was an overall reduction in all types of grassland, both farm pasture and recreational use such as playing fields, with 7,668 square kilometres or 1.9 million acres lost in the quarter of a century analysed.

That is an area greater than the size of Suffolk and Sussex combined, UKCEH said.

At the same time there was an increase of 3,376 square kilometres, or more than 830,000 acres, in urban development – an area almost the size of Cornwall.

An extra 5,236 square kilometres (1.3 million acres) was planted with woodland.

The analysis shows that grassland lost in England was mostly sacrificed to urban development, while in Scotland there was a huge expansion in woodland at the expense of grassland and arable fields.

Separate data from Forest Research shows the majority of Scotland’s woodland is conifer plantations.

In Wales, the picture was more balanced, with a similar increase in urban and woodland cover, UKCEH said.

Across Britain overall, an area of grassland around the size of Dorset (2,505 square kilometres) and arable farmland almost the size of Bedfordshire (1,121 square kilometres), were built on with houses, roads and other infrastructure.

The biggest increase in urban sprawl was in Kent, which saw an increase of 136 square kilometres (33,600 acres) of built-up land from 1990 to 2015, followed by Essex (113 square km) and West Yorkshire (110 square km).

The data also shows that 782 square kilometres (190,000 acres) of arable land for crops was lost over 25 years across Britain, mostly in Scotland.