William Goldman
Oscar-winning screenwriter behind classic films such as Butch Cassidy and All the President’s Men
WILLIAM GOLDMAN, who has died aged 87, was a novelist and screenwriter responsible for such hits as Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid (1979), the Watergate thriller All the President’s Men (1976), both of which won him Oscars, and Marathon Man (1976) and Misery (1990); but he became almost as celebrated for two bestselling memoirs, Adventures in the Screen Trade (1983) and Which Lie Did I Tell? More Adventures in the Screen Trade (2000), in which he dished the dirt on Hollywood.
Goldman once joked that he mostly wrote dialogue because he had skipped seventh grade at school, “which is the grade we learn grammar”, and indeed he owed his place in Hollywood history to a series of oft-quoted three-word phrases.
In Butch Cassidy he reduced cinema audiences to nervous laughter in the scene in which Paul Newman as Butch and Robert Redford as the Kid are trapped on a high cliff by a fast-approaching posse, with the only escape a deathly jump into the swirling rapids below. Why doesn’t the Kid jump, Newman wants to know: “I can’t swim,” replies Redford.
In All the President’s Men Hal Holbrook’s Deep Throat’s advice to Redford’s Bob Woodward to “Follow the money” became a popular catchphrase which contributed, in the minds of many Republicans, to Gerald Ford’s defeat by Jimmy Carter in 1976. More recently, it has been used by critics of Donald Trump to urge reporters to investigate the president’s potential conflicts of interest.
The third phrase won Goldman no Oscars, but became famous among industry insiders: “Nobody knows anything,” Goldman wrote in the opening lines of Adventures in the Screen Trade, encapsulating his theme that not even the most seasoned Hollywood hands have a clue why some films succeed and others bomb. “No one has the least idea what the public is gonna buy,” he said. “If they did, all movies would make money.”
William Goldman was born in Chicago on August 12 1931, and grew up in the suburb of Highland Park. His father, Maurice, who ran a mail order company, was an alcoholic and committed suicide when his son was 15. His mother, Marion, whom he described as “hectoring”, was a housewife.
To escape tensions at home William became a compulsive reader and cinemagoer. Captain January (1936) was the first film he saw, closely followed by his favourite, Gunga Din (1939), which included a scene that inspired the cliff-edge episode in Butch Cassidy. At five, he was “in love” with Shirley Temple.
His writing career began unpromisingly at Oberlin College in Ohio where, despite being editor of the literary magazine, he could not persuade it to publish any of his stories. He got the only C in his creative writing class, and his favourite short story was rejected 69 times.
After two years in the US Army, Goldman took a Master’s degree in English from Columbia University in 1956. While working toward a doctorate, he published the first of 16 novels, The Temple of Gold (1957).
His Boys and Girls Together (1964), about a group of struggling young people in New York, became a bestseller, while a thriller, No Way to Treat a Lady (1964), was turned into a film in 1968 starring Rod Steiger as a psychopathic killer.
His screenwriting career began in the mid-1960s when he was commissioned to adapt Daniel Keyes’s Flowers for Algernon. The project was shelved, but it led to more work, including his adaptation of a Ross Macdonald thriller, Harper (1966), starring Paul Newman – Goldman’s first solo screen scriptwriting credit. Three years later he sold Butch Cassidy for a record $400,000.
Goldman would alternate publishing fiction and writing scripts, and much of his work involved treatments of books. These included films of Ira Levin’s suburban horror story, The Stepford Wives (1975), and of Cornelius Ryan’s Second World War history, A Bridge Too Far (1977). He adapted his own 1974 novel
Marathon Man, about a graduate student who stumbles on a nest of modern-day Nazis, into a screenplay which became a hit film in 1976, with Dustin Hoffman as the student and Laurence Olivier as a dentist-torturer. He also wrote the original script of The
Great Waldo Pepper (1975), with Robert Redford as a barnstorming pilot.
He collaborated with Redford on several more films, of which All the
President’s Men, based on the book by Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein about the Watergate break-in and cover-up, was the most fraught. Goldman felt that politics were a turnoff at the box office and conceived the script as something of a comic opera, but the more politically committed Redford saw the affair as the greatest ever challenge to American democracy and at one point asked Bernstein and Woodward to write their own script.
Throughout his time in Hollywood, Goldman kept an observant eye on the absurdities of actors and studios. After dishing the dirt in Adventures in the Screen Trade, he briefly experienced what he called a “leper period”, when nobody wanted to hire him.
But he returned in triumph in 1987 with the romantic comedy-fantasy adventure film The Princess Bride, adapted from his own novel of the same name. Three years later he scored another smash hit with Misery, a Rob Reiner thriller adapted from Stephen King’s 1987 novel.
The title of Goldman’s second book about the film business, Which Lie Did I Tell?, derived from a comment made to him by a producer telephoning an associate to promote his latest projects, “spouting inaccurate grosses, potential star castings, stuff like that”. Suddenly, Goldman recalled, the producer put his hand over the mouthpiece and said: “Bill, Bill, which lie did I tell?”
But he did not exclude himself from the verdict that “nobody knows anything”, admitting to too many flops (The Year of the Comet, The Ghost and the Darkness and so on) to be able to claim otherwise. Commissions he turned down included The Graduate, The Godfather and Superman.
In Which Lie Did I Tell? he recalled his outrage when the producers of Misery changed a scene in which the novelist hero (played by James Caan), held captive by a psychotic female fan, has his feet amputated into a “more palatable” ankle breaking: “I hated it but there it was. I am a wise and experienced hand at this stuff and I know when I am right. And you know what? I was wrong. It became instantly clear when we screened the movie.”
His books on other aspects of showbusiness were received with equal enthusiasm, notably The Season (1969), about a year on Broadway, and Hype and Glory (1990), a typically chatty and candid account of a year during which he was a judge at both the Cannes Film Festival and the Miss America Pageant.
“I am, alas, a totally instinctive writer, with, please believe this, next to no idea of what I’m doing,” he wrote.
A dedicated supporter of New York’s basketball team, the Knicks, Goldman is survived by his partner Susan Burden and by a daughter. His 30-year marriage to Ilene Jones was dissolved in 1991. Another daughter predeceased him.
William Goldman, born August 12 1931, died November 15 2018