My father-in-law, Maurice Pappworth
MAURICE PAPPWORTH, the great if controversial doctor, was the most aweinspiring person I’ve ever known. From the moment you edged into his presence, you felt that you were being scrutinised and judged, not always benignly. I met his eldest daughter, Joanna, while directing plays at Oxford in our first summer in 1974. Not until the summer of 1978 did we become an item which meant that my first encounter with the feared Dr Pappworth could not be delayed much longer.
I met him first in the summer of 1979 if I remember correctly, at his home on Hampstead Heath. He made it very clear that he did not approve of his daughter’s new partner. It was a small consolation to learn that he was even more dismissive of my predecessor for Joanna’s affection, the film director Alex Cox. The inescapable fact was that, while my father was Jewish, my mother was not. For the next two years I saw nothing of him until we decided to become engaged. I wrote him a long letter asking for his daughter’s hand, saying that I had decided to convert to Judaism. Even this was not good enough because I could only convert into the Reform, not his own Orthodox branch. He had pronounced views on the Reform movement, as he did on most things in life, and they were not markedly positive. No matter that the man overseeing my spiritual conversion, and the person who would marry us, was none other than Rabbi Hugo Gryn, distinguished academic and broadcaster, and survivor of Auschwitz.
My parents could not understand how anyone could fail to be won over by their youngest son. They hatched a plot. When Joanna and I returned from a journey to Israel from the marriage of Joanna’s middle sister, they turned up to meet us at Heathrow, and bundled him into the back seat of their conveniently parked blue Jaguar. They gambled that the temptation of a lift to his home in Hampstead would prove too much for him to resist. They were right, but he let his disapproval of them be known by remaining silent in the back seat all journey.
After much persuasion, he agreed to come to our wedding at the West London Synagogue. But on the firm instructions of Joanna’s grandmother, he was forbidden to speak. What an odd family I remember thinking to myself but I loved Joanna, and Joanna loved her father. He gave me the distinct feeling that she was his favourite daughter of the three sisters. He photographed her endlessly as a child and spoke to her more often than perhaps he should on a whole range of issues including his deteriorating relationship with his wife. When he died in 1994, I broke the news to Joanna in the children’s playroom in our home in Bromley. I will never forget the yell of anguish that emanated from deep inside her. Joanna was always extraordinarily vulnerable and sensitive: it was as if she lacked a skin of self-preservation, and I loved her all the more for it.
Her father fell out with the medical profession throughout his life. She lived for another 22 years: somewhere in that time she decided that she would write a book about him. She continued to miss him and continued to see him as a key reference point in his life. For all his abrasiveness she always saw him as gentle, wise and kind. She felt his pain too, notably the lack of recognition from his medical establishment. He blamed the antipathy on his Jewishness, famously being told before the Second World War that he could never become a consultant because “no Jew could ever be a gentleman.” So he fought his way up the greasy pole as an outsider, gaining a status from his admirers as the best medical teacher in the UK. I admired him greatly as a courageous and principled man.
His most important single contribution was the publication in 1967 of his book The Human Guinea Pigs: Experimentation on
Man. During the preceding 15 years, he had become increasingly concerned by unethical experiments on human beings, often without the full knowledge of the patient. The book caused a sensation when it was published. It detailed experiments on children and inmates of mental and penal institutions, whose lives were often damaged for what he believed were the career enhancements of the medics involved. The end, he said, did not justify the means. The book was widely reviewed. Arthur Koestler, author of Darkness at Noon reviewed it famously in the New Statesman. He was scathing about
She always saw her father as gentle and wise and kind