NOW & THEN
11 APRIL
1564: Peace of Troyes ended war between England and France.
1644: Sir Thomas Fairfax won the Battle of Selby in the English Civil War.
1689: William and Mary were crowned as joint sovereigns by the Bishop of London – the Archbishop of Canterbury refused to perform the ceremony.
1814: Napoleon Bonaparte abdicated unconditionally as emperor of France and was exiled to Elba by Treaty of Fontainebleau.
1843: Britain separated Gambia from Sierra Leone as crown colony.
1855: London’s first six pillar boxes were installed, and were painted green.
1881: The first incandescent street lights were switched on in Newcastle upon Tyne.
1882: Battle of the Braes in Skye between a posse of police and tenants of Lord Macdonald threatened with eviction.
1894: Uganda was declared a British protectorate.
1899: Philippine islands were transferred from Spain to United States.
1905: Albert Einstein announced his theory of relativity of time and space.
1930: The Daily Express became the first newspaper to publish television programmes.
1941: Coventry Cathedral destroyed and hundreds were killed in night of saturation bombing by Luftwaffe.
1953: United Nations force and communists arranged for exchange of prisoners in Korea.
1953: Vietnamese insurgents renewed offensive in Laos.
1961: Trial of Nazi war criminal Adolf Eichmann, captured by Israelis in Latin America, opened in Jerusalem.
1973: Martin Bormann, Nazi official pursued throughout world, was officially declared dead and taken off West Germany’s “most wanted” list.
1981: IRA prisoner Bobby Sands won Fermanagh and South Tyrone by-election on the 42nd day of his hunger strike in Maze Prison.
1982: Richard Attenborough’s film, Gandhi, won eight Oscars, the most ever won by a British film.
1991: United Nations Security Council announced a formal end to the Gulf War, accepting Iraq’s pledge that it would pay for war
damages of 1993: mass German destruction. and scrap golfer its Bernhard weapons Langer won the Masters in Augusta, United States, for the second time.
1997: Scotland caused a cricket upset when they qualified for the 1999 World Cup by finishing third in the ICC Trophy in Malaysia.
2002: The Ghriba synagogue bombing by al-qaeda killed 21 in Tunisia.
2002: An attempted coup in Venezuela against president Hugo Chávez took place.
2006: Iranian president Mahmoud Ahmadinejad announced that Iran has successfully enriched uranium.
2007: Two bombings in the Algerian capital of Algiers left 33 people dead and 222 wounded.