NOW & THEN
30 JULY
1547: Protestants responsible for the murder of Cardinal David Beaton surrendered St Andrews Castle to French forces.
1832: First interlocking jigsaw in a box went on sale at Merriman’s Bookshop in Liverpool.
1898: Will Kellogg invented corn flakes.
1900: London Underground’s Central Line was opened by the Prince of Wales (later Edward VII), with a flat rate of twopence.
1900: The British parliament passed the Mines Act, the Workmen’s Compensation Act and the Railway Act.
1908: The Around the World Automobile Race, which began in New York, ended in Paris. The team from the USA, driving a Thomas Flyer, won. Only three of the six competing cars completed the race.
1909: The Wright brothers delivered the world’s first military plane to the US Army Signals Corps.
1918: Provisions were included in the Scottish Education Bill to ensure adequate facilities for teaching Gaelic in Scotland.
1930: Uruguay beat Argentina 4-2 to win first World Cup
1935: Ariel, A Life Of Shelley, by André Maurois, was the first Penguin paperback book to be published, price sixpence.
1938: The first edition of the Beano comic went on sale.
1943: Girl Crazy, the last movie starring Judy Garland and Mickey Rooney, was released.
1949: The British warship HMS Amethyst escaped down the Yangtze River following a threemonth stand-off.
1954: Elvis Presley joined the Memphis Federation of Musicians.
1963: “Third Man” Kim Philby was granted asylum in USSR after escaping arrest in Britain for spying.
1966: England won the World Cup when they defeated West Germany 4-2 at Wembley.
1971: US Apollo 15 astronauts David R Scott and James B Irwin landed on Moon.
1971: A Japanese Boeing 727 airliner collided with an F-86 fighter plane over the island of Honshu. All 162 people aboard the 727 were killed.
1973: The thalidomide case ended after 11 years, with compensation of £20million.
1976: It was reported that 100,000 people died in an earthquake in China that razed the city of Dangsha (Tangshan).
1986: London estate agent Suzy Lamplugh vanished after appointment with client calling himself Mr Kipper. Her body has never been found.
1991: Luciano Pavarotti’s 30th anniversary concert drew 125,000 people to Hyde Park.
1991: UN experts reported finding 46,000 chemical weapons in Iraq, four times what Baghdad had declared.
2003: In Mexico, the last “old style” Volkswagen Beetle rolled off the assembly line.
2006: The world’s longest running music show, Top of the Pops, was broadcast for the last time after 42 years.
2008: The BBC was fined a record £400,000 by Ofcom for faking phone-in winners in competitions on Comic Relief, Children in Need, Sport Relief, the Liz Kershaw Show and the Jo Whiley Show.
Paul Anka, singer and composer, 78; Peter Bogdanovich, film director and actor, 80; Laurence Fishburne, actor, 58; Frances de la Tour, actress, 75; Patrick Robin Archibald Boyle, 10th Earl of Glasgow, Liberal Democrat peer, 80; Harriet Harman, Labour politician, 69; Jürgen Klinsmann, footballer and coach, 55; Lisa Kudrow, actress, 56; Arnold Schwarzenegger, actor, former governor of California; Sir Clive Sinclair, inventor, 79; Hilary Swank, actress, 45; Daley Thompson CBE, Olympic decathlon champion, 61; James Anderson OBE, England Test cricketer, 37; Justin Rose MBE, golfer, 39;
ANNIVERSARIES
Births: 1818 Emily Brontë, poet and novelist; 1863 Henry Ford, father of the mass-produced car; 1898 Henry Moore, sculptor. Deaths: 1718 William Penn, Quaker leader and founder of Pennsylvania; 1898 Otto von Bismarck, first chancellor of Germany 1871-1890; 1983 Howard Dietz, publicist, creator MGM’S lion mascot; 2003 Sam Phillips, record producer and DJ, who ‘discovered’ Elvis Presley, Jerry Lee Lewis, Carl Perkins and Johnny Cash; 2007 Ingmar Bergman, film director; 2012 Maeve Binchy, Irish novelist.