NOW & THEN
OCTOBER 22
362: The temple of Apollo at Daphne was destroyed by fire.
1721: Peter the Great took title of Czar of All Russia.
1797: First parachute descent made by André-jacques Garnerin from a balloon over Paris.
1812: The Duke of Wellington seized Burgos, Spain following a three-day siege.
1877: A firedamp explosion at Blantyre Colliery, Lanarkshire, killed 207 miners – Scotland’s worst mining accident. Widows and orphans who were unable to support themselves were evicted from their tied cottages by the mine owners.
1904: The Dogger Bank incident took place in the North Sea, when the Russian Baltic fleet fired on British trawlers, mistaking them for an Imperial Japanese Navy fleet.
1906: Henry Ford became president of the Ford Motor Company.
1910: Dr Hawley Harvey Crippen was convicted at Old Bailey of poisoning his wife Cora, and was subsequently hanged in London.
1924: Ministry of Health banned use of preservatives in dairy products and many other foods.
1933: Italian boxer Primo Carnera defeated Spanish opponent Paulino Uzcudun in 15 rounds to retain the world heavyweight title.
1934: Notorious bank robber Pretty Boy Floyd was shot and killed in a cornfield near Clarkson, Ohio by FBI agents.
1937: Duke and Duchess of Windsor arrived in Berlin to meet Hitler, study poor housing conditions and hear a concert by the Nazi District Orchestra.
1949: Czech athlete Emil Zatopek set a new world record of 29:21.2 in the 10,000 metres.
1952: SA Velcro patented the non-metallic fastener that was later developed for space suits.
1962: Cuban missile crisis began as president John F Kennedy announced blockade of Cuba in protest at installation of Russian missiles there.
1962: Nelson Mandela’s treason trial opened in South Africa.
1964: Jean-paul Sartre turned down the Nobel Prize for literature. His publisher said he would never accept gifts. 1992: Demonstrators threw eggs at the Queen when she arrived at a church in Dresden, Germany, for a service of reconciliation.
1995: Scotland won the Alfred Dunhill Cup at St Andrews for the first time, beating Zimbabwe in the final.
1999: Maurice Papon, an official in the Vichy France government during the Second World War, was jailed for crimes against humanity.
2005: Tropical Storm Alpha formed in the Atlantic Basin, making the 2005 Atlantic Hurricane Season the most active Atlantic hurricane season on record with 22 named storms.
2008: India launched its first unmanned lunar mission Chandrayaan-1.
2009: The first nationwide postal strike in two years began after talks between Royal Mail and the Communication Workers Union broke down.
2013: Thirty-seven Boko Harem Islamic militants were killed by Nigerian forces in air and ground strikes on an insurgent camp in the north-east of the country.