JANUARY 9
1492: The Diocese of Glasgow was elevated to an Archdiocese by Pope Innocent VIII.
1522: Adriaan F Boeyens was elected the only Dutch pope, Adrian VI.
1570: Tsar Ivan the Terrible killed between 1,000 and 2,000 residents of Novgorod.
1684: Puppet shows were performed and shopping stalls were set up on the Thames during the deep freeze.
1718: France declared war on Spain
1799: British Prime Minister William Pitt the Younger introduced income tax to raise funds for the war against Napoleon.
1806: Lord Nelson was buried in St Paul’s Cathedral, London. 1811: The first women’s golf tournament took place in Scotland, at Musselburgh.
1816: Sir Humphry Davy’s safety lamp was first used in a coal mine.
1902: A new law in New York State banned flirting in public. 1927: Greta Garbo and John Gilbert shocked cinema- goers in New York by their lack of inhibition in the silent film Flesh and the Devil.
1939: Berlin’s Reichstag building, destroyed by fire in 1933, was opened by Hitler after rebuilding.
1945: American forces invaded Luzon in the Philippines.
1957: Anthony Eden, in poor health, resigned as prime minister following the Suez fiasco. Harold Macmillan took over. 1959: Fishery cruiser Freya capsized near Wick, with the loss of three crew members.
1962: First de Havilland Trident made its maiden flight.
1968: United States Surveyer 7 spacecraft made soft landing on Moon.
1969: The first trial flight of Concorde, supersonic airliner, took place at Bristol.
1972: The Clyde- built Queen Elizabeth liner sank in Hong Kong harbour.
1972: The miners’ strike for improved pay and conditions began, their first national stoppage since 1926.
1989: MPS and war veterans protested at the announcement that the Duke of Edinburgh would attend the funeral of Emperor Hirohito of Japan in Tokyo.
1992: Serbs in Bosnia- Herzegovina proclaimed their own state, raising fears of bloodshed in the multi- ethnic republic.
1996: A band of Chechen gunmen seized 3,000 civilians and held them hostage in the Russian town of Kizlyar.
1997: British round- the- world solo yachtsman Tony Bullimore was rescued in the Southern Ocean after being trapped in the overturned hull of his yacht for four days.
1998: Anatoly Solovyov and Pavel Vinogradov walked in space for a record three hours, eight minutes.
2001: Apple announced itunes at the Macworld Expo in San Francisco, for organising and playing digital music and videos. 2005: Elections were held to replace Yasser Arafat as head of the Palestine Liberation Organisation. He was succeeded by Rawhi Fattouh.
2011: Parcels containing bullets were sent to Celtic manager Neil Lennon.