NOW & THEN
MAY 13
1568: Battle of Langside, in which a force raised by Mary, Queen of Scots, after her escape from Loch Leven Castle, was defeated by a confederacy of Scottish Protestants. It was her last attempt to regain the throne from her son and his adherents.
1607: Captain John Smith and 105 Cavaliers in three ships landed on the Virginia coast and started the first permanent English settlement in the New World, in Jamestown.
1787: A fleet of 11 ships containing about 730 convicts set out from England to Australia, under the command of Captain Arthur Phillip, on a journey which lasted until the following January.
1871: Law of Guarantees in Italy declared the Pope's person inviolable and allowed him possession of the Vatican.
1891: Bogey score in golf introduced.
1949: The first British-designed jet bomber, English Electric Canberra B Mark One, was test flown at Warton, Lancashire, by Wing Commander RP Beaumont.
1957: The first regular schools programmes on television began on BBC.
1968: Peace negotiations officially opened in Paris between the United States and North Vietnam.
1973: Nineteen nations began talks in Vienna aimed at cutting the number of troops in Europe.
1981: An attempt was made on the life of Pope John Paul II in St Peter’s Square, Rome. He was shot at close range by a Turkish terrorist.
1988: Riot police stormed sacred Temple Mount complex in Jerusalem and fired rubber bullets at Muslim worshippers.
1990: Two American airmen slain near Clark Air Force Base, Philippines, in an attack blamed on communist rebels.
1991: South African judge convicted Winnie Mandela of conspiracy in kidnap and assault of four youths in Soweto, including Stompie Moeketsi, later murdered.
1992: Youths went on the rampage for the second night running on the Wood End estate in Coventry.
1995: Alison Hargreaves, 33, a mother of two from Spean Bridge, became the first woman to climb Everest solo and without oxygen. She died three months later while descending K2, the world’s second-highest mountain.
2000: Donald Dewar was elect
ed First Minister of the Scottish Parliament.
2005: The Andijan Massacre occurred in Uzbekistan.
2006: A major rebellion occurred in several prisons in São Paulo, Brazil.
2011: Network Rail was fined £3 million for safety failings over the Potters Bar train crash, which killed seven people.
2011: Actress Sienna Miller accepted £100,000 in damages from the News of the World, after the paper admitted liability over the hacking of her phone. The final edition of the 168-year-old paper had appeared on July 11.
2014: More than 300 miners were killed following an explosion and fire at a coal mine in Manisa province, western Turkey. The trapped miners were more than a mile below the surface and a mile and a half from the mine’s exit.