What does the survey cover?
So, what is possible to survey on a typical yacht with a standard fit out? This is not an exhaustive list but these are some of the common areas of inspection
1 HULL
Normally a surveyor would start with the hull: underwater, topsides and deck condition. The keel matrix or frame arrangements are important, along with the condition of the hull-to-keel joint, plus checking that the method of attachment of the keel is appropriate. If the boat has an encapsulated keel, external condition is important. The surveyor will look for any evidence of grounding or damage to any of the keel arrangement as this could be a significant issue.
As well as listing and checking the condition of any underwater fittings externally and internally, the above waterline discharges, such as cockpit drains, are important to look at as well, especially if they are PVC as these do deteriorate with UV light.
In many cases, underwater DZR brass seacock assemblies need to be treated as consumables that will need routine replacement after a few years. Also ensuring hoses and attachments are in good condition and secured is just as important as the condition of the valves themselves.
2 RUDDER
Rudder blades are frequently an issue, especially when they’re over 20 years old and have absorbed lots of moisture into the blade, which can lead to structural failure. A few basic inspection points will confirm the general condition with light tapping with a ball pein hammer and moisture meter. Sometimes water running out of it is a dead giveaway! Obviously, rudder bearings and how the steerage works all need looking at.
3 ENGINE
The engine should be proven where possible in a pre-purchase survey. Many buyers take the craft on a sea trail, and at that point, taking an engineer from the local engine dealership who may have software to plug in is worth the investment. These days many modern engines don’t always present issues at sea trail but will have a list of faults on plugging in and checking. A normal survey should comment on if there were significant oil leaks, the condition of the engine beds, mounts, fuel tankage, filters and fuel lines, drive belts, exhaust system and cooling system that all merit some inspection. Lastly, the drive, any type of coupling and support, stern gland arrangement, shaft, bearings and propeller condition would all need to be thoroughly checked.
4 ACCOMMODATION
I often find that large amounts of personal equipment can hamper how easy it is to inspect the important areas. If you’re having a survey, take the opportunity to de-clutter your boat.
If she has sole boards that are secured down, it’s helpful to unscrew as many as possible to allow inspection of the bilges. The surveyor will use a moisture meter around linings, focusing on vents, compression posts, chain plate locations, portholes and hatches, so make sure they are all accessible.