Scientists create detailed map of brain to understand how memories develop

SCIENTISTS HAVE created a map of more than a billion brain-cell connections, paving the way for greater understanding of how memories develop.

The detailed images are said to be the first to illustrate how these connections are organised. Researchers believe this could transform knowledge of brain disease.

Researchers used molecular imaging and artificial intelligence to look at synapses in mouse brains. Synapses are gaps between brain cells which enable chemical and electrical messages to be transmitted.

Sections of the brain tissue were engineered to emit light, enabling scientists to see individual synapses in colour.

Distinct types of molecules in each synapse were tagged by colour, allowing detection of complex patterns across the brain.

Different groups of synapses were active depending on the behaviour of the mice – such as feeding, running and jumping. Scientists believe the diversity of synapse types may be key to recalling information, helping the brain to quickly locate memories through patterns of its activity.

It is hoped this could help increase understanding about how memory problems develop. Researchers found this map was altered in mice bred to mirror aspects of autism and schizophrenia as they did not recall information properly.

Lead researcher Professor Seth Grant, of Edinburgh University, said: “This map opens a wealth of new avenues of research that should transform our understanding of behaviour and brain disease.”