Police reform program rollback riles advocates
AG’s office felt initiative was too adversarial toward police
A South Carolina city sought the federal government’s help in rebuilding community trust after the 2015 fatal shooting of an unarmed black man by a white officer. Civil rights advocates hoped the resulting comprehensive review of police interactions would be a first step toward meaningful change.
But North Charleston’s review and similar efforts in several other cities effectively ended last week when the U.S. Justice Department announced it was rolling back an Obama-era program aimed at improving relations between residents and police.
Instead, the program will now focus on tackling such issues as violent crime and gangs — moving away from federal scrutiny of law enforcement and more closely reflecting the Trump administration’s lawand-order agenda.
Civil rights advocates called the move appalling, saying it will hurt minority communities and may keep police from facing consequences for bad behavior.
“I don’t know how we are going to handle this going forward,” said Dot Scott, president of the Charleston, South Carolina, branch of the NAACP and a member of a citizen advisory commission created after the death of Walter Scott. “We need to have their viable data so that we can say to the city, ‘This is what’s been happening and this is what we see as a fix.’ In the absence of that report, we’re back to square one.”
At least 15 departments nationwide sought changes through collaborative reform, many after deadly police shootings. Seven, including North Charleston, were still awaiting initial findings.
The program known as “collaborative reform” let cities seek help from the Justice Department on issues they requested, such as use of force. Federal officials would conduct thorough investigations of police departments, recommend changes and monitor progress.
Unlike court-enforceable consent decrees, this collaborative reform was largely optional. Some cities found the reviews helpful in repairing community relations, but Attorney General Jeff Sessions’ department said the program had evolved into broader assessments that became adversarial toward police and didn’t reduce violence.
Cities can now seek help from DOJ’s Office of Community Oriented Policing Services in areas such as active shooter training, preventing gun violence and reducing gang and drug activity. The office will no longer provide lengthy investigations and public audits.
Kami Chavis, law professor at Wake Forest University, called the change an “antiquated and outdated mindset.”
“It could potentially be sending a message to some departments that, ‘Hey, we’re the federal government, we’re going to look the other way, so do what you will,’” Chavis said.
Jonathan Smith, a former Justice Department attorney who investigated civil rights violations, said the collaborative review process played an important role and was valuable for departments that sought help.
He said the program worked better for some departments than others. It wouldn’t work in a badly broken department like Chicago, he said, and didn’t work in Baltimore — which began a collaborative review in 2014 but then folded that process into a federal civil rights investigation after the 2015 death of Freddie Gray.
Sessions has vowed to hold individual officers accountable for wrongdoing but has indicated he wants to pull back on such wide-ranging civil rights investigations of police agencies, believing that too much federal scrutiny can hurt officer morale.
Ron Davis, who headed the Office of Community Oriented Policing Services until January, said the collaborative reform process identified problems that needed fixing, and the public reports had recommendations that many other departments followed.
He said the Sessions change “reflects a complete lack of knowledge of what it’s like to be a police officer in the United States. … He’s going to retool it to fight crime? He actually retooled it to be a hindrance to crime-fighting.”
Davis said San Francisco built a strategic plan around DOJ’s recommendations and changed its use-of-force policy. Las Vegas made reforms in use of force, and Philadelphia implemented more than 90 percent of DOJ’s recommendations.