Japan abdication in clear, but line of heirs thin
TOKYO — Japan’s parliament on Friday, in passing a law allowing Emperor Akihito to become the country’s first monarch in 200 years to abdicate, put off a debate over how to tackle the shrinking royal population and whether to allow women to ascend the throne.
The 83-year-old emperor expressed his wish to abdicate last August, citing his old age and health.
Under the law enacted Friday, his abdication must take place within three years.
Current succession rules allow only men from the paternal bloodline to ascend the 2,000-year-old Chrysanthemum Throne. Women, but not men, are forced to renounce their royal status if they marry a commoner.
Prime Minister Shinzo Abe’s conservative government supports male-only succession. Akihito’s son, 57-yearold Crown Prince Naruhito, is next in line. Naruhito’s only child is a girl, and his younger brother, Prince Akishino, has two adult daughters and a 10-year-old son, Hisahito. This means only one of the emperor’s four grandchildren is an eligible heir.
After Naruhito’s daughter was born, a government panel discussed the possibility of allowing female ascension, but the talk quickly faded after Hisahito’s birth.
Akihito’s coming abdication has rekindled concerns about a shortage of heirs.
The Abe government avoided taking up divisive issues involving the status of female royals, which would have required a time-consum- ing and broader overhaul of the 1947 Imperial House Law.
To secure opposition support, the ruling party did agree to a nonbinding attachment to the bill calling on the government to study ways to improve the status of princesses.
That could include allowing them to keep their titles so that they can make up for the declining royal membership and continue to perform some royal family public duties.
The abdication law applies only to Akihito and expires in three years, to avoid putting future monarchs at risk of forcible abdication due to political manipulation. The law was needed because the 1947 Imperial House Law does not provide for abdication.
Japanese media reports have said officials are considering having Akihito abdicate at the end of 2018, when he would turn 85 and mark nearly 30 years on the throne. No date has been announced yet.
The last emperor to abdicate was Kokaku in 1817.