The latest investment opportunity: your home
Firm helps with payments in exchange for a stake
When attorney Ricardo Soto started looking to move his family into a new house, he expected to take out a traditional mortgage. But with the prospect of college payments for three teenage children looming, the attorney chose a different strategy.
Soto entered into an agreement with San Francisco-based FirstRex, which provided 10 percent of the family’s down payment in exchange for a stake in the property. The deal allowed the family to take out a smaller mortgage, reducing monthly payments. The Sotos expect to repay the money when they sell, plus — or minus — some of the change in value of the house.
“It provided a little bit more financial flexibility for us up front,” said Soto, whose family moved into a four-bedroom, $650,000 home near San Diego last month.
The FirstRex Homebuyer program Soto used launches in Maryland this month, part of a national rollout that the firm hopes will reach thousands of buyers. With families facing rising home prices, sluggish wage growth and tighter credit requirements, FirstRex executives say it’s an idea whose time has come.
Since peaking in 2004, national homeownership rates have sunk below 63 percent — lower than at any time since the 1960s. In metro areas with some of the strongest population growth, such as New York, San Francisco, Seattle and Washington, the cost of housing has soared.
A June survey for TD Bank found that 65 percent of potential first-time homebuyers are waiting because they need to save money for the down payment. That was true for almost three-quarters of potential buyers younger than 35.
In Maryland, even families with strong incomes can have a hard time coming up with a down payment for a home in a top school district, said C. Stuart Kiehne, president of Redwood Mortgage Services in Annapolis, a loan originator for First California Mortgage Co., one of the lenders working with FirstRex.
That’s particularly true near Washington, but extends to parts of the Baltimore region as well, Kiehne said.
“It makes economic sense for some individuals,” he said of FirstRex’s equity investments.
The program works like this: FirstRex contributes up to half of the total down payment (and no more than 12.5 percent of a home’s value.) When the home sells, the firm recoups its investment, plus or minus a share — typically 40 percent to 50 percent — of the change in value of the house.
“We’re really investing alongside the American homebuyer, and we win or lose together,” said Thomas Sponholtz, the company’s chairman.
The concept isn’t entirely new. Commercial real estate owners regularly bring in equity partners to finance deals.
Other firms have experimented with a similar idea in recent years. One of the latest is Point Digital Finance, which offers homeowners a cash advance on their equity in exchange for an ownership stake in the home and a portion of its future appreciation.
Some assistance offered through state or local governments is structured on similar lines, said Tracey Shell, a vice president at Down Payment Resource, which tracks such programs across the country.
Such public programs typically target low or moderate earners. But FirstRex executives said they think there’s a broader market.
“It’s really one of those businesses, the first time [we looked at it] we go: ‘This is amazing, why doesn’t this exist?’ ” Sponholtz said.
There are no interest or monthly payments associated with the FirstRex investment, but a buyer has to be comfortable making less on the back end. (The agreements, which include some fees, last up to 30 years. Owners who sell within the first three years or who opt to buy out the FirstRex’s stake earlier face different costs.)
To qualify, buyers must have a credit score of at least 680 and be able to make at least a 10 percent down payment, in addition to meeting the mortgage lender requirements.
Kiehne said he expects takers in this region to be looking at homes in the $500,000-plus range, where the down payment from FirstRex could lower interest rates and help buyers avoid mortgage insurance.
“It’s not for everybody,” he said. “There’s a need and I think our ability to spread the word … will certainly result in an interest level.”
Tom Simonton, director of housing and community development for the Catonsville-based financial counseling organization Guidewell Financial Solutions, said it’s important for people interested in the idea to consider the future payment, describing costs as “kind of steep.”
Take a $250,000 home — roughly the median sales price in the Baltimore area last month. Under a possible agreement, FirstRex and the buyer would each put down $25,000 to make a $50,000, or 20 percent, down payment.
If the home’s value increased 2 percent a year, the home would be worth about $304,750 in 10 years. If the home sold for that amount, FirstRex would receive about $46,900 at the time of sale: the original $25,000 plus $21,900 for 40 percent of the appreciation.
The buyer would keep about $100,000, after repaying FirstRex and the balance on a 30-year mortgage with a 4 percent interest rate.
“You have to sit down and do the math,” Simonton said. “Is what you need the money for really that important to go into this kind of obligation?”
Soto, 50, said he thought the trade-off was acceptable. He said he isn’t planning to rely on home appreciation to pay for retirement — especially after the housing crash.
“It was something I was willing to live with in order to meet my immediate financial priorities and goals and move into the home we wanted,” he said.
FirstRex rolled out its first product, for high-priced homes, a few years ago. The firm said it has “hundreds” of those agreements in place.
The latest product extends the idea to a wider set of buyers, including families using smaller, conventional conforming mortgages, with the goal of eventually creating a kind of index fund for U.S. residential real estate, Sponholtz said.