Deep bond hanging in the balance
German town mulls a future without US military presence
VILSECK, Germany — Thereisabarcalled“Cheers,” and there are Halloween parties, decorated housesand trick-or-treating in October and turkeys at Thanksgiving. The mayor’s childhood memoriesinclude Hershey’s bars, jars of peanutbutter and Wrigley’s gum.
Forsevendecades, the rituals andrhythmsof American life have interwoven with the local traditions of Vilseck, a small Bavarian town near the Czech border that is home to the Rose Barracks U.S. military base. Here, the German-American Volksfest is the biggest fair of the year, and the long-standing ties between Germany and the United States are defined not as “the trans-Atlantic relationship,” but as simply, “friendship.”
Mayor Hans- Martin Schertl said, “When I have a problem, I just pick up the phone and call the commander,” Col. Joseph Ewers, who leads the U.S. Army Second Cavalry Regiment and oversees the several thousand U.S. service members stationed at Rose Barracks with their families. “I wish the leaders in Berlin and Washington had ties as good as ours; it makes it easier to solve problems.”
That warmth has endured the minor culture clashes that Schertl has navigated as mayor, like smoothing things over between irate German landlords andtheir American tenants who cut pet doors into human doors, or having to call in the Army’s military police to wrangle soldiers who get carried away on German beer.
Schertl has seen repeated changes of command on the base, and watched countless service members and their
families rotate in as wideeyed strangers, and back out as friends. But he never thought he would face the prospect that a large part of his town’s population, the “American fellow citizens,” could be pulled out overnight.
In July, the Pentagon ordered the withdrawal of 12,000 of about36,000troops in Germany, whichPresident Donald Trump attributed to Germanybeing“delinquent” on military spending, and he has since hinted at further drawdowns.
The move sent a sense of panic through places like Vilseck, where the U.S. military presence is a pillar of the local economy.
Last month, Congress approved a $741.5 billion defense-spending bill that would prohibit the Defense Department from stationing fewer than 34,500 service members in Germany, without first submitting adetailed report onthematterandthen waiting 120 days. Trump vetoedthebill Dec. 23, butthe House voted Dec. 28 to over
ride his veto, and the Senate did the same Friday.
“It is the biggest Christmas present possible for Vilseck,” Schertl said.
But even with that gift, Trump’s drawdown is a reminder that the U.S. presence does not come with a guarantee.
FormanyGermanfamilies, ties to the Americansgoback to the post-World War II years when Bavaria was part of the U.S.-administered zone of Germany, and the soldiers stationed there brought not only candy, musicandatouch of worldliness, but reliable jobs.
When Wolfgang Dagner graduated from high school in 1983, he needed to make some money before starting college. Following in the footsteps of his father andgrandfather, he took a job working for the Army in Grafenwohr, a town adjacent to Vilseck that is home to a large military training area.
“I wanted to take a year off before going to study, but I enjoyed the work so much that I stayed,” said Dagner,
now 56.
Before 1990, U.S. bases in Germany employed some 120,000 locals, but several bases closed as the Cold War ended. Today about 12,000 people in Germany work on installations for the Americans.
Dagner now works on a council representing more than 400 support and logistics workers employed at the bases, whose official roles include helping keep troops fed, repairing their offices, homes and equipment, organizing their moves and supplying them with gear when they arrive.
Unofficially, they serve as cultural translators, offering guidanceonwhenandwhere it is appropriate to weartraditional Bavarian attire, tips on where to find Oktoberfest celebrations and warnings about the strength of a “mass,” or slightly less than a quart, of beer.
“We have to tell them that Bavarians don’t always wear a dirndl and lederhosen,” said Andrea Orr, who works at the military exchange
store in Grafenwohr. “And that Oktoberfest is not only in Munich, but takes place in many smaller towns and villages.”
Alcohol-fueled incidents tend not to escalate, and when they do, the long-standing cooperation between local and military police helps to keepthepeace on all sides, the mayor said.
Dagner said he worries about the growing number of attractive base jobs that are not filled by locals when someone retires, or that require a security clearance that only a U.S. citizen can acquire. Yet at the sametime, the Americans are desperately seeking highly skilled workers, including engineers, mechanics and information technology specialists.
“It is not possible to offer the levels of payincreases and career development that can beachieved at acompanylike Siemens,” Dagnersaid, referring to the Germanengineering giant. “They can offer a whole other level of possibilities than we can.”
On top of that, the uncertainty resulting fromTrump’s moves has made it even harder to fill open positions, he said. U.S. Army Garrison Bavaria, to which Rose Barracks belongs, has more than 130 jobs available to local people — from food service and delivery staff, to mechanics and engineers — that are unfilled. Many have been so for months.
“Many young people no longer see the Army as a reliable employer, given all of the uncertainty surrounding the announcement,” Dagnersaid.
In keeping with German employment law, all jobs on base are covered by wage agreements negotiated by a labor union and representatives of NATO and its member governments.
“These are good jobs at good wages,” Schertl said. That has translated into the Army becoming the biggest employer in the region, providing work for some 2,500 local residents and contributing $85.7 million to the local economy.
Evenif the SecondCavalry were to remain in town, Schertl said that after the upheaval of the past year, his focus in the coming years would be on diversifying Vilseck’s economy to ensure job security in the long run, nomatterwhoisintheWhite House.
Like manyGermansin the area, he says the worst-case scenario would be for Americans to switch from housing one unit at Rose Barracks for many years, to rotating units through for short periods. In that case, the troops andtheir families wouldnotbearound long enough to require local goodsandservices— butlong enough to hold earsplitting live-fire exercises.
“The agreement has always been in exchange for that, we have good solid jobs andcross-cultural exchange,” Schertl said. “If those wereto go andjust the noise andfilth remain, it will be harder to maintain the levels of support that we have now.”