Led daring raid to blow up Nazi Germany water plant
COPENHAGEN, Denmark — Norway on Monday mourned World War II saboteur Joachim Roenneberg, who headed a fiveman team that daringly blew up a plant producing heavy water, depriving Nazi Germany of a key ingredient it could have used to make nuclear weapons.
Prime Minister Erna Solberg said Mr. Roenneberg, who died Sunday at 99, was “one of our finest resistance fighters” whose “courage contributed to what has been referred to as the most successful sabotage campaign” in Norway.
Mr. Roenneberg, then 23, was tapped by the Special Operations Executive, or SOE — Britain’s wartime intelligence gathering and sabotage unit — to destroy key parts of the heavily guarded plant in Telemark, in southern Norway, in a raid in February 1943.
In a 2014 Norwegian documentary in connection with his 95th birthday, Mr. Roenneberg said the daring operation went “like a dream” — a reference to the fact that not a single shot was fired.
Parachuting onto snow-covered mountains, the group was joined by a handful of other commando soldiers before skiing to their destination. They then penetrated the fortress-like heavy-water plant to blow up its production line.
Mr. Roenneberg said he made a last-minute decision to cut the length of his fuse from several minutes to seconds, ensuring that the explosion would take place but making it more difficult to escape. The group skied hundreds of miles across the mountains to escape and Mr. Roenneberg, wearing a British uniform, ended up in neighboring neutral Sweden.
Operation Gunnerside has been recounted in books, documentaries, films and TV series, including “The Heroes of Telemark,” starring Kirk Douglas and Richard Harris.
“We must not forget what he stood for and has passed on to us,” said Eva Vinje Aurdal, mayor of his hometown of Aalesund, 235 miles northwest of the capital, Oslo.
The town ordered flags to fly at half-staff Monday, and flowers were laid at the foot of a sculpture of Mr. Roenneberg, showing him in a uniform, walking up a rocky path. Inaugurated in 2014 by Mr. Roenneberg, the granite monument carries the names of all the men who took part in the World War II raid.