Crisis heats up debate over sales, background checks
Some states defend shops as ‘essential’ during pandemic.
In some parts of the U.S., authorities say gun shops aren’t essential businesses and should close during stay-at-home orders meant to slow the coronavirus. In other places, officials are stopping background checks for concealed carry permits. Elsewhere, city leaders have invoked emergency powers allowing bans on gun sales.
As the nation grapples with a pandemic that has upended daily life, some gun rights advocates are concerned about an erosion of Second Amendment rights just as Americans are buying firearms in record numbers to try to ensure their safety.
“When there’s a national emergency, people are look- ing for food, water, shel- ter — that part is important to the survival of our nation,” said Michael Cargill, owner of Central Texas Gun Works in Austin. “They are also looking for the Sec- ond Amendment to protect their families.”
Texas Attorney General Ken Paxton agrees, issuing a legal opinion Friday saying that emergency orders in his state can’t restrict gun sales. Any order that excludes gun stores from “essential” businesses that can stay open are in conflict with state law banning limits on gun sales, Paxton said.
“Under our laws, every Texan retains their right to purchase and possess fire- arms,” he said.
In recent weeks, firearm sales have skyrocketed. Background checks — the key barometer of gun sales — already were at record numbers in January and Febru- ary, likely fueled by a presidential election year. Since the coronavirus outbreak, gun shops have reported long lines and runs on fire- arms and ammunition.
Background checks were up 300% on March 16, com- pared with the same date a year ago, according to federal data shared with the National Shooting Sports Foundation, which represents gunmakers. Since Feb. 23, each day has seen roughly double the volume over 2019, according to Mark Oliva, spokesman for the group.
“When people aren’t able to provide for their own security or their own safety, they’re going to take measures to make sure that they can. That’s why we have that Second Amendment,” Oliva said. “This is a public safety issue.”
The federal background check system has been over- whelmed by the massive increase in firearm sales. What might normally take a few minutes is taking much longer, and a backlog on background checks has bal- looned to about 80,000, Oliva said.
If a background check takes longer than three busi- ness days, gun dealers are permitted to allow the sale to go through unless a state has stricter waiting periods. But the National Shoot- ing Sports Foundation has advised gun dealers not to feel beholden to complete the sale if they have concerns about the potential buyer.
“We are cautioning retailers that they may want to exercise patience and prudence,” Oliva said.
Even some gun control advocates say it might not be wise to shut down federally licensed firearms dealers, whose sales require background checks. That could force buyers to use a website or seek a private sale that doesn’t require a check, making it more difficult to trace a firearm if it’s used in a crime.
There are risks to both closing a gun shop or keeping it open, said David Chipman, a retired agent with the federal Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives.
“If you keep it o pen, there’s the risk of first-time buyers who are largely buying out of fear and panic and untrained,” said Chipman, now senior policy adviser for Giffords, a gun control advocacy group.
Gun control advocates are concerned about a large number of new owners lacking the usual access to training on how to store and handle their weapon properly. They also worry that Americans who are stocking up now eventually will sell their firearms privately.
“If we can imagine how horrible this crisis is ... the people who hoarded the guns might decide six months from now — once they see no zombies around but they’ve run out of tuna and beef jerky — that they need the money to buy food,” Chipman said.