U.S. harvesters struggling to get foreign crews into the country
Kansas harvester Mike Keimig is growing increasingly anxious about whether the foreign seasonal workers he needs to run his nine combines and drive his grain trucks will arrive in time for the start of the winter wheat harvest, which is just weeks away.
His regular crew mostly comprises farm kids from South Africa who return to work for him every year, but they are stuck overseas. The paperwork for about half of the 20 agricultural worker visas he has applied for remains in limbo at the shuttered U.S. Consulate in Johannesburg.
The closure of embassies and consulates due to the coronavirus pandemic is not the only obstacle to bringing in seasonal workers. Governments have closed their borders. Overseas work- ers who have visas cannot get on a flight. And once they arrive, they would face weeks of quarantine before they could work.
“It will definitely have a big impact on our finances ... if we can’t get help to run our equipment,” Keimig said.
“It would even have an effect on the farmers. Well, maybe they can find some- body besides us to do it, I don’t know?” he said. “But I think it would be a little tough because there are a lot of us in the same situation.”
Harvester crews typically traverse the nation with their combines and grain trucks taking on work where the crops are ripen- ing. They usually work the same farms every season, saving the farmers the cost of investing in harvester equipment.
About 30% of U.S. harvest operations use foreign work- ers on their crews, according to Mandi Sieren, operations manager for the indus- try trade group U.S. Custom Harvesters Inc.
Temporary agricultural worker H-2A visas have been largely spared from immi- gration rollbacks because agriculture is an essential industry, but the workers can’t travel to the U.S. right now because of the restrictions imposed to prevent the spread of the corona- virus, Sieren said.
As for hiring locally, harvesters “would absolutely love to hire Americans but there are not very many Americans who would leave home for six to nine months at a time,” she said.
As many as half of the workers who harvest U.S. wheat and other grain crops are seasonal foreign work- ers, said Ryan Haffner, a Kansas harvester and board member for U.S. Custom Harvesters.
“We are always looking for American workers. I mean, that is a constant search,” Haffner said. But many Americans are “dis- connected from agriculture” and lack interest or the skills required to work in farming.
“There are more people overseas really that have an interest and still a working knowledge of agriculture,” he said.
Modern harvesting machines are computerized and sophisticated, so it’s not easy for the city-dwelling unemployed to just pick up, adapt and learn to operate them, Haffner said.
Typically, a third of Haffner’s crew of up to 20 workers is American, while the rest come from South Africa, Europe and South America. He has the agricultural worker visas for his foreign workers for this harvest season, but was only able to get a few of them into the U.S. before coronavirus restrictions effectively shut the others out.
The harvest season begins in mid-May in north-central Texas, before moving into Oklahoma, Kansas, Colorado, Montana and North Dakota. In the summer, they cut mostly wheat. In early fall, they harvest peas, canola, soybeans, grain sorghum and corn. Haffner can’t afford to miss a season.
“I have got $5 million worth of equipment — I can’t not be there,” Haffner said. “So we are going to be there. We are going to get to our customers. It is just going to be much more difficult than usual. We intend to get through it.”