War booty taken from Filipinos is returned
U.S. sends back three church bells to village after their 1901 seizure
MANILA — Three church bells taken from the central Philippines as war booty by U.S. troops more than a century ago were flown to their original home Tuesday, ending a contentious flash point in relations between the two longtime military allies.
The bells were turned over by Sung Kim, the U.S. ambassador, to the Philippine government, which had stepped up its efforts to recover the war artifacts since President Rodrigo Duterte took office two years ago.
U.S. troops seized the bells in 1901 from the town of Balangiga on Samar Island, where they went to avenge the death of 48 fellow soldiers killed in an attack by Filipino guerrillas on an American garrison. The U.S. troops were under orders to turn the area into a “howling wilderness” by killing every male citizen age 10 or older and capable of bearing arms.
The massacre was the deadliest of U.S. troops since Col. George Armstrong Custer and his troops were slaughtered at the Battle of the Little Bighorn 25 years earlier.
Duterte used his annual address to Congress last year to demand the United States return the bells, saying they were “spoils of war” from another period of history.
The day was replete with historical symbolism for both allies. The bells were ferried aboard a U.S. Air Force plane, the Spirit of MacArthur, named after Gen. Douglas MacArthur, who liberated Manila from the Japanese invaders toward the end of World War II. And the plane, which flew in from Okinawa, Japan, one of the war’s bloodiest American battlefields, landed at Manila’s Villamor Air Base, named after a Filipino World War II pilot.
“It has been a very long road home,” Kim said shortly after the bells were loaded from a military plane and presented to Delfin Lorenzana, the Philippine defense secretary. “Many Filipinos and Americans worked tirelessly for decades to make today possible.”
The ambassador said virtually all Philippine presidents had pressed for the bells’ return since the early 1990s but that Duterte’s words persuaded the United States to return them.
“Our shared history is enduring and deeply personal,” Kim said in remarks that cast a positive light on ties that have frayed since Duterte was elected president. “Our relationship has withstood the tests of history and flourishes today.”
In demanding the return of the bells, Duterte had said they reminded Filipinos of how their forebears resisted the American colonizers.
“They are ours,” Duterte said in July 2017. “They belong to the Philippines. They are part of our national heritage.”
Rolando Borrinaga, a local historian who worked with descendants of those who survived the Balangiga violence, said the relatives felt “a great sense of relief and satisfaction” that the bells were being returned.
They will be installed at the town’s Roman Catholic Church this week amid festivities attended by Duterte.