Pot production poses explosive risk
Legal and illegal operations across U.S. often use gas to boost marijuana’s growth.
NEW YORK — An explosion that destroyed a New York City home and killed a veteran firefighter has drawn attention to marijuana production methods that are legal in many states — but can also be lethal.
A New York fire battalion chief died responding to the blast Tuesday in a Bronx home that authorities say had been converted into an indoor marijuana farm. Investigators are looking into whether growers caused the explosion by tampering with gas lines or mishandling other materials.
Indoor marijuana farmers can create fire hazards by using natural gas, propane or butane to power carbon dioxide generators used to grow the plants. In recent years across the country, similar methods used to produce more potent marijuana extracts have resulted in explosions and other catastrophes.
Indoor gas use “is a standard way to grow marijuana,” says Michael O’Hare, a UC Berkeley professor and expert in cannabis cultivation. “If you raise the CO2 level, it’ll grow faster.”
Some growers rely on tanks of propane or butane gas because using large amounts of metered gas from a utility could draw the attention of authorities, O’Hare said.
An hour before the explosion around 7:30 a.m. Tuesday in the Bronx, dozens of nearby residents said they could smell gas wafting over the neighborhood. The house had already been evacuated and fire personnel were on the scene when the blast sent debris flying, killing Chief Michael Fahy, a 17-year Fire Department veteran and father of three. His funeral was held Saturday.
Two suspects, Garivaldi Castillo and Julio Salcedo, were arrested and are being held on drug charges while authorities try to determine whether there is evidence that could result in more serious counts related to Fahy’s death.
Prosecutors said in court last week that the two-story Bronx property was full of combustible items related to the pot operation, including grow lamps and vats of liquid fertilizer. Windows were sealed and other areas covered with extra insulation to retain heat. Plants the size of “small trees” were growing in bedrooms on the upper floor, prosecutors said.
Given that only about half of U.S. states have legalized marijuana, either for medical or recreational use, it’s impossible to estimate how many such growth labs exist, O’Hare said.
More than 30 people were injured last year in Colorado from butane explosions involving hash oil — a concentrated form of marijuana extracted from the plant’s leaves and flowers.
Also last year, a marijuana dispensary in Santa Fe, N.M., was engulfed in flames after a blast that injured two workers. Fire Department investigators said a butane leak met with an ignition source, causing an explosion powerful enough to separate the roof from the wall and melt fluorescent lights.
And in Washington state, federal prosecutors have brought charges in five cases involving explosions during hash oil production. The former mayor of Bellevue died while trying to escape a fire linked to such activity.
In the past year or so, an especially strong concentrate is appearing — “shatter,” a form of cannabis wax derived from butane hash oil that is about five times more potent and faster-acting than unrefined smoked cannabis. It’s legal for recreational use in states such as Colorado and Washington, and sold in medical marijuana dispensaries in other states.