Trump pops up in German campaign
Rivals deem Merkel’s arms spending pledges ‘an act of submission’ to the U.S. president.
BERLIN — President Trump’s demand that Germany nearly double its defense spending has become an election issue for Chancellor Angela Merkel, who has increasingly come under attack for sticking to her 3-year-old promise to NATO to sharply increase investments in weapons.
Although Merkel’s Christian Democrats — who have won the last three elections — are still far ahead of the center-left Social Democrats in opinion polls, the opposition has latched onto the military spending issue in hopes it will resonate with German voters. In a lastditch attempt to tap into anti-Trump sentiment prevailing in Germany, the Social Democrats have criticized Merkel’s pledges to Trump and NATO to raise that spending on military equipment.
“It would be simply insane for us to follow Trump’s goal and start investing 2% of our annual economic output on defense,” said Foreign Minister Sigmar Gabriel, noting that would be nearly double the 1.2% of GDP, or $45 billion a year, that Germany currently spends. “This election is among other things a decision if we’re going to submit to Trump or not.”
After Merkel reaffirmed her commitment on Monday to raise Germany’s defense spending toward 2% of GDP by 2024 — as NATO countries agreed at a 2014 summit in Wales — Gabriel went on the attack: “For me that’s an act of submission to the American president that I find hard to believe.”
Another Social Democratic leader, Manuela Schwesig, added to the drumbeat of criticism on Tuesday: “We don’t need rearmament, we don’t need to spend an additional 20 billion euros [$23.5 billion] a year on weapons. We want to spend that money instead on education and better equipment at our schools.”
The Social Democratic Party, or SPD, which has been a junior coalition partner to Merkel’s conservatives since 2013, initially supported the NATO pledge to increase defense spending. Only four of the 29 North Atlantic Treaty Organization members reach that 2% target, with the United States leading the way with 3.6% — a point of contention with successive U.S. presidents even before Trump asked Germany and other nations to do more. Even though it is one of Europe’s most prosperous countries and its federal government produces annual budget surpluses, Germany ranks 17th behind countries such as Romania, Poland, Montenegro, Norway, Portugal and Croatia.
After first telling Merkel that Germany owed the United States vast sums for the U.S.-led defense, Trump launched public criticism of Germany on May 30. He tweeted: “We have a MASSIVE trade deficit with Germany, plus they pay FAR LESS than they should on NATO & military. Very bad for U.S. This will change.”
Earlier, on March 18, Trump wrote: “Germany owes vast sums of money to NATO & the United States must be paid more for the powerful, and very expensive, defense it provides to Germany!”
Yet Trump’s attacks have only galvanized opposition in Germany. In a country with a deep aversion to war in part due to its militaristic 20th century history and with an electorate already leery about spending money on tanks and warplanes while many school buildings are in need of repairs, the SPD has thrown off its gloves and attacked Merkel head on over the issue in what appears to be a Hail Mary attempt to shake up the campaign’s dynamics.
“The SPD sense that this might be their only chance,” said Gero Neugebauer, political scientist at Berlin’s Free University. “They know that Germans are against military interventions abroad and most aren’t interested in more defense spending as long as so many school buildings are in a state of disrepair.”
But Neugebauer added that Merkel is trying hard to defuse the issue in her own stay-calm style. “She’s trying to tone down any confrontation by pointing out that it’s only a voluntary goal for a distant date seven years away.”
Merkel is seeking a fourth four-year term. She and her conservatives are currently polling around 39% in opinion polls; the SPD, led by Martin Schulz, is a distant second at 24%. Merkel’s conservatives hope to win enough support to form a center-right coalition with the pro-business Free Democrats, polling around 8%. The election will be Sept. 24.
Thorsten Hasche, a political scientist at Goettingen University, said Merkel was doing all she could to avoid getting blindsided by the defense spending issue.
Yet she knows that the antiwar issue goes down well in Germany. Another SPD candidate, Gerhard Schroeder, came from far behind in opinion polls in 2002 to win reelection by campaigning against President George W. Bush’s plans to invade Iraq.