Starkly different views on summit
Trump’s unclear deal with Kim Jong Un may spark rather than solve regional issues.
— North Korea made clear Wednesday it viewed the commitments that President Trump and ruler Kim Jong Un made during their summit in strikingly different terms than the White House, suggesting trouble going forward.
After the two leaders signed a joint statement Tuesday that said North Korea would “work toward” denuclearization, the country’s official media said that Trump and Kim had the “shared recognition” that the process would be “stepby-step and simultaneous action,” language not in the leaders’ statement.
The Korean Central News Agency report repeated North Korea’s position that denuclearization must involve the entire Korean peninsula, not just the northern part. It also emphasized that the U.S. would “lift sanctions” as part of the process, although the official statement does not mention sanctions.
Trump and Kim met for nearly 40 minutes with only interpreters in the room at the start of their summit on Singapore’s Sentosa Island. Other aides and official note-takers were kept out, so it’s unclear whether the difference in interpretation or emphasis emerged from the private discussion.
Adding to the confusion, the leaders’ vaguely worded statement contained no concrete plan or timeline for nuclear disarmament, or even a definition of what denuclearization would entail.
After the summit had concluded, Trump told reporters in a news conference that he had been awake for 25 hours — he turns 72 on Thursday — and that he was bullish about his day of diplomacy with the young autocrat from Pyongyang.
He lavished praise on Kim as a “great talent,” denied concerns about treating him as an equal and painted a rosy picture of North Korea’s potential future — one laid out in a propaganda-style video that the White House had prepared for the North Korean leader.
Asked why he trusted a ruler who had murdered his own family members and jailed thousands of political prisoners, Trump lauded Kim for taking over the regime at age 26, when his father died in 2011, and being “able to run it, and run it tough.”
Trump repeatedly portrayed his two-page agreement with Kim as “comprehensive,” but it contains little new except a commitment by both sides to continue diplomatic engagement, with Secretary of State Mike Pompeo leading the U.S. side in future talks.
That is no small achievement considering the two leaders were threatening each other with nuclear war last summer. But it was far less than the ambitious arms control deal Trump hoped to gain when he agreed to the summit in March.
The document instead reiterated the same vague North Korean commitment to denuclearize that Kim made after he met South Korea’s president in April, but offered no specifics in how or when any disarmament might take place.
“We will do it as fast as it can mechanically and physically be done,” Trump said, adding it would “take a long time” to wind down the nuclear weapons program. Until recently, Trump had demanded Pyongyang quickly dismantle its vast nuclear infrastructure.
A person familiar with the working-level talks that set the final stage for Tuesday’s summit said the U.S. team had pushed for a commitment from Kim to denuclearize by 2020, when the next U.S. presidential election will be underway.
North Korea’s representatives balked at the demand for a deadline, the person said.
The signed agreement, which was released by the White House, says North Korea will “work toward complete denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula.” It does not offer the pledge of “complete, verifiable, irreversible denuclearization” that Pompeo had said was the U.S. objective.
A verifiable and permanent disarmament agreement would require North Korea to let international inspectors in to collect records, monitor sites and ensure it does not cheat.
Pyongyang expelled United Nations nuclear inspectors nearly a decade ago, and Tuesday’s agreement does not mention bringing them back.
The agreement was weaker than the pledge North Korea made in 2005, during an ultimately unsuccessful bout of nuclear diplomacy, when it committed itself to “abandoning all nuclear weapons and existing nuclear programs.”
The regime instead tested its first nuclear device the following year. It has conducted five underground tests since then, most recently in September. It is believed to have assembled at least two dozen warheads.
In a largely symbolic U.S. gain, this time North Korea committed itself to the “immediate repatriation” of any remains it had identified of U.S. soldiers and prisoners from the Korean War, which ended 65 years ago. Trump said families had implored him for help on that painful issue.
Tuesday’s agreement does not mention North Korea’s record of human rights abuses, including a vast internal gulag of prison camps. Asked if he had raised the problem with Kim, Trump said they had discussed it “relatively briefly” because their talks chiefly focused on nuclear weapons.
He suggested that huSINGAPORE man rights in North Korea, which the U.N. has accused of “systematic, widespread and gross human rights violations,” did not differ greatly from other nations.
“I believe it’s a rough situation over there — there’s no question about it,” he said. “It’s rough in a lot of places, by the way.”
But Trump suggested that negative publicity about the death last year of Otto Warmbier, a college student from Ohio who was in a coma when he was returned home from a North Korean prison, had helped pave the way for the diplomatic thaw.
“Otto did not die in vain,” Trump said. “He had a lot to do with us being here today.”
Trump denied that he was lending legitimacy to the oppressive leader of a long-marginalized regime by standing shoulder to shoulder with him. He said sitting at the table with Kim wasn’t a concession.
“I’ll do whatever it takes to make the world a safer place,” he said. “All I can say is they want to make a deal. That’s what I do. My whole life has been deals. I’ve done great at it.”
In Seoul, South Korean President Moon Jae-in heralded the agreement, saying, “It will be recorded as a historic event that has helped break down the last remaining Cold War legacy on Earth.”
Moon’s statement did not address Trump’s decision to cancel joint military exercises, a crucial part of the close alliance that emerged from the 1950-53 Korean War. The exercises involve livefire drills, bomber flyovers, computer simulations and other operations.
It was not clear whether Trump had told Moon of his decision. A South Korean defense ministry spokesman said officials were still seeking Trump’s “exact meaning and intention,” media there reported.
Independent analysts praised the continued diplomacy with North Korea, but most found little to like in the agreement or in Trump’s concession on military exercises.
“It doesn’t say anything,” Joseph Yun, a former senior U.S. diplomat and special representative for North Korea policy, said on CNN.
Olivia Enos, a policy analyst at the Heritage Foundation, a conservative Washington think tank, said the decision to suspend military exercises was “concerning” because they help project U.S. strength in the region. “The joint military exercises … [are] about more than just countering the North Korean threat,” she said.
Ellen Tauscher, a former California congresswoman and undersecretary of State for arms control under President Obama, tweeted that Kim had “conned” Trump. “China has to be thrilled with Kim’s haul in Singapore,” she said. She said Trump agreed to end valuable military exercises in exchange “for promises by a lying despot of ‘denuclearization’ in [a] bilateral, unverifiable agreement.”
Abraham Denmark, former deputy assistant secretary of Defense for East Asia, said Trump gave up the exercises “for little new and nothing in return.”
“Kim got a huge propaganda win and a metric ton of legitimacy,” he said on Twitter. “The silver lining is that dialogue will continue, and where there is diplomacy there is hope.”
To convince Kim to eventually give up his nuclear weapons, Trump played for him a U.S.-government-produced video that looked like a Hollywood movie trailer about an action hero.
“When a man is presented with a chance that may never be repeated, what will he choose?” a narrator says in the video, which also was played at the news conference. “The world will be watching, listening, anticipating, hoping. Will this leader choose to advance his country ... [and] be the hero of his people?”