A better hurricane cone? Or more confusion in Florida?
As the 2024 Atlantic hurricane season approaches, forecasters at the National Hurricane Center are unveiling an experimental new version of one of their most important communication tools — the dreaded cone of uncertainty.
The old cone — which has been around for 22 years now — will still be published, complete with the usual projected path of a storm along with colorful outlines of coasts to show where storm watches and warnings are in place.
But starting on Aug. 15, the hurricane center will now also publish a second map with colorful layers to show inland spots that might see trouble that Floridians could prepare for.
The new version also will offer a look at something else that’s very important: the wind field of the storm.
DAMAGING WINDS
Tropical storm force winds will be depicted in gold, hurricane force winds will be brown. The wind field indicates how far out from the storm’s center the damaging winds stretch. That is the kind of information residents need to know when they are gauging how much and what kinds of preparation are needed to keep their property and themselves safe.
Sound like an improvement for the June 1-Nov. 30 hurricane season? Maybe.
Emergency managers have a difficult balance to strike — give people enough time to evacuate or prepare if necessary but don’t alarm them unnecessarily. They don’t want residents shrugging off the information, a danger if every storm sounds an alarm.
Will adding colorful layers of data to the cone graphic improve public safety messaging? Or will it inadvertently generate more questions during the critical window before a storm’s arrival?
DATA LAYERS
This month, the NHC wrote that “recommendations from social science research suggest that the addition of inland watches and warnings to the cone graphic will help communicate wind risk during tropical cyclone events while not over complicating the current version of the graphic with too many data layers.”
By depicting threats beyond the coastline like watches, warnings and wind speeds, the multicolored format aims to provide “a broader picture of impacts.”
On the surface, giving residents more information about potential hazards sounds good. As storms increasingly threaten lives well inland, clearly outlining all risks means Floridians can make better decisions on preparedness.
But this is Florida. We aren’t always known for our good sense.
The NHC says the change was spurred by criticism that it fails to reflect the risks posed to coastal communities that may be out of the cone one day but in it the next — or close enough to the eye of a storm to still see severe damage.
For residents in the direct path of an intensifying hurricane, sifting through various watches, warnings and wind speeds depicted on an overloaded map could cause heightened stress, not reduced uncertainty.
We hope the NHC has tested the comprehension of its new cone with average Floridians, the ones who may need to base crucial survival decisions on the maps. Think about the Florida Keys, where evacuations are particularly fraught because there is essentially a two-lane road to get out.
But then, also, remember Hurricane Ian in 2022, when relatively minor shifts in the hurricane center’s predictions of its path led to an on-and-off feeling of safety for some counties, accompanied in some cases by a slowdown in response. Maybe this new version is exactly what we need.
Does a simpler solution exist? Rather than continue modifying the core forecast tool, more supplemental advisories and plain talk could clarify all hazards more clearly. As a Category 4 barrels down, clear communication could trump flashy innovations.
Overall, though, the NHC is trying this experiment to better protect lives and respond to new needs for more and better information to assess danger. Even if it has to be adjusted over time, more information is probably better.
Will Florida be able to make it work? We’ll all find out together.