Manufacturing sees modest gains

Increase in orders to U.S. first in months

Washington — Orders to United States factories rose in March for the first time since last July, breaking a long stretch of weakness in manufacturing.

Orders increased 2.1% following seven monthly declines, the Commerce Department reported Monday. And in further good news, orders in a key category that tracks business investment plans eked out a 0.1% rise. It was the first advance in this category since last August.

Economists are hoping that U.S. manufacturing is beginning to emerge from a long soft patch, bolstered by stronger domestic demand that will offset ongoing weakness in exports.

Orders for durable goods, which are items expected to last at least three years, rose 4.4% in March. Demand for nondurable goods such as chemicals and paper dropped 0.3%.

U.S. factories have been struggling with export sales, which have taken a hit from the rise in the value of the dollar in recent months. A stronger dollar makes U.S. exports more expensive and less competitive on overseas markets. It also lowers the cost of imported goods, making them more attractive to U.S. consumers.

The overall increase was the first positive number since a 10.5% increase last July. The strength in March was led by a surge in demand for computers and the volatile category of commercial aircraft.

The key category of nondefense capital goods excluding aircraft, which is viewed as a proxy for business investment plans, edged up 0.1% in March. It was the first advance in this area since last August.

The government reported last week that the overall economy, as measured by the gross domestic product, expanded by a meager 0.2% in the January-march quarter as a harsh winter, a rising trade deficit and weaker business investment all held back growth.

Economists believe growth will rebound in the April-june quarter, helped by stronger job growth that is expected to spur consumer spending. Auto sales rose in April, led by strong demand for small and midsize SUVS.

Economists at Macroeconomic Advisors are looking for the GDP, the country’s total output of goods and services, to grow at a 1.9% rate in the second quarter, a significant rebound from the first three months.

Other analysts are more optimistic.

“As the weather returns to more seasonal norms, we anticipate a big rebound in consumption growth,” said Paul Ashworth, chief U.S. economist at Capital Economics. He is forecasting 3.5% GDP growth in the second quarter.