Northwest Arkansas Democrat-Gazette
Diabetes education
A discussion about diabetes with Washington Regional Certified Diabetes Instructor Donita Clark
Q: How do you think diabetes reached epidemic proportions?
A: Lifestyle factors have had a large impact on the epidemic of diabetes, specifically type 2 diabetes. Many of our foods are highly processed which makes them higher in sugars, salt and fat, and lower in vitamins, minerals and fiber. This can lead not only to diabetes, but also high blood pressure, high cholesterol, obesity, and cancer. Convenience foods and restaurant foods have replaced home- prepared foods in many households. Exercise is also a factor—as a society we don’t play and work outdoors as much as we used to and this decreases our calorie expenditure, ultimately causing weight gain.
Q: What is the impact of diabetes that you see among your patients?
A: Since the American Diabetes Association anticipates 1.5 million Americans to be diagnosed with diabetes this year, it’s easy to see how diabetes impacts so many people we know. Our patients, along with the general population experiencing diabetes, must navigate food choices, exercise goals and strategies to prevent, delay, or treat chronic complications. Unfortunately, there is a possibility of very serious complications associated with uncontrolled diabetes including compromised eyesight and kidney function, as well as a risk for heart disease, foot problems and amputations. This constant struggle can make even the most disciplined patient weary with daily diabetes care. The ADA-recognized education programs promote seven self-care behaviors which can help: 1) Healthy Eating 2) Being Active 3) Monitoring 4) Taking Medication 5) Problem Solving 6) Reducing Risks and 7) Healthy Coping. We help facilitate these positive behaviors in all aspects of our education program.
Q: What is the importance of diet and exercise in prevention and management of type 2 diabetes?
A: Numerous studies have confirmed that lifestyle changes (diet and exercise) comprise the single most important action one can take in the defense of type 2 diabetes! It may seem overwhelming to begin a weight loss plan, but losing 5-10% of one’s body weight can greatly reduce diabetes risk. For diet changes, setting simple goals such as eating out less and reading nutrition facts labels to choose healthful foods makes a great start. Our doctors really promote reducing carbohydrate intake and adhering to a 12 hour fast each night. A helpful strategy for embracing exercise is to enlist a support network - either an exercise partner, or an activity tracker such as a pedometer which can help track and motivate by monitoring daily steps.
Q: What is the most important thing people can do to remain healthy and free of diabetes or prediabetes?
A: Diet and exercise are key, but some medications can also help once someone has tested in the prediabetes range. It’s important to have regular health screenings and discuss results with your doctor, especially if any risk factors are present. Risk factors for pre-diabetes include being age 45+, overweight, physically inactive, having hypertension, abnormal lipid levels, or if one’s parent or sibling has diabetes, or certain populations (higher risk if African American, Hispanic/Latino, American Indian, Asian American or Pacific Islander). Also, women who have had gestational diabetes or polycystic ovarian disease can have a higher risk. The American Diabetes Association offers an easy 7-question screening on their website to help determine your risk.
Q: What do you recommend as good sources of information and support about the disease?
A: The American Diabetes Association (ADA) is a great resource both online and with their local offices. The ADA website offers help with meal-planning, recipes, setting activity goals, etc. Another great resource is your medical provider. Washington Regional has two endocrinologists, Dr. Rachel Kilpatrick and Dr. Lauren Hawkins, who treat a variety of endocrine disorders including diabetes. A recognized diabetes education program can also be helpful with ongoing classes, one-onone education, and support groups. Washington Regional Diabetes Education can be reached at 479.404.1140 or www.wregional.com/diabeteseducation.