British physicist who proposed existence of Higgs boson particle
LONDON — Nobel prizewinning physicist Peter Higgs, who proposed the existence of the so-called “God particle” that helped explain how matter formed after the Big Bang, died Monday, the University of Edinburgh said Tuesday. He was 94.
The university, where Mr. Higgs was emeritus professor, said he died following a short illness.
Mr. Higgs predicted the existence of a new particle, which came to be known as the Higgs boson, in 1964. He theorized that there must be a sub-atomic particle of certain dimension that would explain how other particles — and therefore all the stars and planets in the universe — acquired mass. Without something like this particle, the set of equations physicists use to describe the world, known as the standard model, would not hold together.
Mr. Higgs’ work helps scientists understand one of the most fundamental riddles of the universe: how the Big Bang created something out of nothing 13.8 billion years ago. Without mass from the Higgs, particles could not clump together into the
matter we interact with every day.
But it would be almost 50 years before the particle’s existence could be confirmed. In 2012, in one of the biggest breakthroughs in physics in decades, scientists at CERN, the European Organization for Nuclear Research, announced that they had finally found a Higgs boson using the Large Hardron Collider, the $10 billion atom smasher in a 17-mile tunnel under the Swiss-French border.
The collider was designed in large part to find Mr. Higgs’ particle. It produces collisions with extraordinarily high energies in order to mimic some of the conditions that were present in the trillionths of seconds after the Big Bang.
Mr. Higgs won the 2013 Nobel Prize in Physics for his work, alongside Francois Englert, of Belgium, who independently came up with the same theory.
Edinburgh University Vice Chancellor Peter Mathieson said Mr. Higgs, who was born in Newcastle, was “a remarkable individual — a truly gifted scientist whose vision and imagination have enriched our knowledge of the world that surrounds us.”
“His pioneering work has motivated thousands of scientists, and his legacy will continue to inspire many more for generations to come.”
Born in Newcastle, northeast England on May 29, 1929, Mr. Higgs studied at King’s College, University of London, and was awarded a Ph.D. in 1954. He spent much of his career at Edinburgh, becoming the Personal Chair of Theoretical Physics at the Scottish university in 1980. He retired in 1996.
One highlight of Mr. Higgs’ illustrious career came the 2013 presentation at CERN in Geneva where scientists presented in complex terms — unfathomable to most laypeople and based on statistical analysis — that the boson has been confirmed.