South Florida Sun-Sentinel (Sunday)
Mask rules in Europe get stricter
Other countries follow Italy’s lead as omicron surges
ROME — To mask or not to mask is a question Italy settled early in the COVID19 outbreak with a vigorous “yes.” Now the onetime epicenter of the pandemic in Europe hopes even stricter mask rules will help it beat the latest infection surge.
Other countries are taking similar action as the more transmissible — yet, apparently, less virulent — omicron variant spreads through the continent.
With intensive care units in Italy’s hospitals rapidly filling with mostly unvaccinated COVID-19 patients, the government announced on Christmas Eve that FFP2 masks — which offer users more protection than cloth or surgical masks — must be worn on public transportation, including planes, trains, ferries and subways.
That’s even though all passengers in Italy, as of last week, must be vaccinated or recently recovered from
COVID-19. FFP2s also must now be worn at theaters, cinemas and sports events, indoors or out, and can’t be removed even for their wearers to eat or drink.
Italy reintroduced an outdoor mask mandate. It had never lifted its indoor mandate — even when infections sharply dropped in the summer.
On a chilly morning in Rome recently, Lillo D’Amico, 84, sported a wool cap and white FFP2 as he bought a newspaper at his neighborhood newsstand.
“(Masks) cost little money, they cost you a small sacrifice,” he said. “When you do the math, it costs far less than hospitalization.”
When he sees someone from the unmasked minority walking by, he keeps a distance. “They see (masks)
as an affront to their freedom,” D’Amico said, shrugging.
Spain reinstated its outdoor mask rule on Christmas Eve. After the
14-day contagion rate soared to 2,722 new infections per 100,000 people by the end of the first week of the year — from 40 per
100,000 in mid-October — Prime Minister Pedro Sanchez was asked whether the outdoor mask mandate was helping.
“Of course, it is. It’s not me saying it. It’s science itself saying it because (it’s) a virus that is contracted when one exhales,” Sanchez said.
Portugal brought masks back at the end of November, after having largely dropped the requirement when it hit its goal of vaccinating 86% of the population.
Greece has also restored
its outdoor mask mandate, while requiring an FFP2 or double surgical mask on public transportation and in indoor public spaces.
Last week, the Dutch government’s outbreak management team recommended a mask mandate for people over age 13 in busy public indoor areas such as restaurants, museums and theaters, and for spectators at indoor sports events. Those businesses will remain closed even after the government eased its coronavirus lockdown Friday.
In France, the outdoor mask mandate was partially reinstated in December in many cities, including Paris. The age for children to start wearing masks in public places was lowered to 6 from 11.
Austrian Chancellor Karl
Nehammer announced this month that people must wear FFP2 masks outdoors if they can’t keep at least 6 feet apart.
In Italy, with more than
2 million people currently positive for the virus in a nation of 60 million and workplace absences curtailing train and bus runs, the government also sees masks as a way to let society more fully function.
People with booster shots or recent second vaccine doses can avoid quarantine after coming into contact with an infected person if they wear a FFP2 mask for
10 days.
The government has ordered shops to make FFP masks available for about 85 cents. In the pandemic’s first year, FFP2s cost up to $11.50 — when they could be found.
Italians wear them in a
palette of colors. The father of a baby baptized last week by Pope Francis in the Sistine Chapel wore one in burgundy, with matching tie and jacket pocket square. But the pontiff, who has practically shunned a mask in public, didn’t wear one.
On Monday, Vatican City State mandated FFP2s in all indoor places. The tiny, walled independent state across the Tiber from the heart of Rome also stipulated that Vatican employees can go to work without quarantining after coming into contact with someone testing positive if, in addition to being fully vaccinated or having received a booster shot, they wear FFP2s.
Francis did appear to be wearing a FFP2 when, startling shoppers in Rome on Tuesday evening, he emerged from a music store before being driven back to the Vatican.
In Britain, where Prime Minister Boris Johnson has focused on vaccination, masks have never been required outdoors.
When the British government lifted pandemic restrictions last July, turning mask-wearing to a suggestion, mask use fell markedly.
Nino Cartabellotta, president of the Bologna-based GIMBE foundation, which monitors health care in Italy, says Britain points to what can happen when measures like mask-wearing aren’t valued.
“The situation in the U.K, showed that use of vaccination alone wasn’t enough” to get ahead of the pandemic, even though Britain was one of the first countries to begin vaccination, he said in a video interview.