Panel to weigh storing plutonium at N.M. nuke repository

CARLSBAD, N.M. — The U.S. Department of Energy has commissioned a national group of scientists to study the viability of diluting surplus weapons-grade plutonium and storing it permanently at the federal government’s underground repository in New Mexico.

The panel of about 15 scientists from universities, corporations and laboratories around the nation will evaluate the storage potential at the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant, the nation’s only facility for permanently disposing of tons of Cold Warera waste contaminated with small amounts of plutonium and other manmade radioactive elements.

The scientists held their first meeting in November in Washington, then gathered again last week in Carlsbad, where officials gave presentations and fielded questions on the feasibility of bringing plutonium to the repository, the Carlsbad Current-Argus reports.

Critics are unconvinced the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant can safely hold the plutonium, or that the facility’s mission can be expanded via federal law in an appropriate amount of time.

Experts estimated about 34 metric tons of surplus plutonium exist around the world, mostly in the U.S. and Russia. As part of a nonproliferation agreement between the two countries, 6 metric tons are being diluted at the Energy Department’s Savannah River Site in Georgia for potential shipment to the southeastern New Mexico repository.

The scientists are members of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine, a prestigious coalition that provides advice on complex problems and public policy questions. They will evaluate the repository’s transportation capabilities, current and future operations, and compliance with federal regulations before and after a nearly three-year shutdown caused by a 2014 radiological release.

Senior Program Officer Jennifer Heimberg of the National Academies of Sciences’ Nuclear and Radiation Studies Board said the group hopes to make a recommendation to the Energy Department by December. She said the study is considering only the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant for the program and has not evaluated other sites.

Repository officials estimate the program would cost about $17 billion and that alternatives could cost up to $55 million.

A federal law enacted in 1992 regulates the amount of waste disposed of at the site. Congress could take decades to amend the law to expand acceptable waste at the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant to include plutonium, said Don Hancock with the Southwest Research and Information Center, an Albuquerque-based watchdog group.

“There is no quick fix solution,” he said. “They need to look at other things they can do in the short term.”