US population center moves 11.8 miles

HARTVILLE, Mo. – Some people might describe Hartville, Missouri, as being in the middle of nowhere, but the U.S. Census Bureau on Tuesday announced that it’s the closest town to the middle of the nation.

The hamlet of about 600 people in the Missouri Ozarks is located about 15 miles from the center of the U.S. population distribution, according to the Census Bureau. The town is the type of place where families have been farming for generations, everybody knows each other and people stay for the “smalltown living,” said Sabrina Gilliland, 38, a paralegal for the local prosecutor, who lives on a family farm with her four children, cattle, pigs and chickens.

The four-block center of Hartville has a diner, barbershop, gas station, hair salon and murals depicting the Civil War and teens fishing.

The nation’s population center is calculated every 10 years after the once-adecade census shows where people are living. The heart of America has been located in Missouri since 1980.

The U.S. population center, previously located in Plato, Missouri, in the neighboring county, moved only 11.8 miles southwest from 2010 to 2020. It is the smallest distance shift in 100 years and the second-smallest in U.S. history.

The center is actually still closer to Plato than Hartville, but the Census Bureau likely wanted to keep it moving “since it is so tied up in our national psyche with expansion and progress,” said Alex Zakrewsky, who is principal planner for Middlesex County, New Jersey, and has predicted the location after past censuses.

“Hartville also has the additional symbolic value of its name,” Zakrewsky said.

To calculate the center of the U.S., the Census Bureau figures out which spot would be “the balance point” if the 50 states were located on an imaginary, flat surface with weights of identical size – each representing the location of one person – placed on it.

Zakrewsky said he wonders if the center of the U.S. is going to move a lot farther west by 2030 since California, the nation’s most populous state, is losing residents.