Survivor: Dresden bombing unjustified

70 years later, man says events of Feb. 13 ‘a war crime.’

DRESDEN, GERMANY — Soviet troops were pressing into Germany from the east and the other Allies from the west, but for 12-year-old schoolboy Eberhard Renner the war seemed far away.

Dresden had been spared the destruction suffered by other cities like Berlin and Hamburg, and Renner clung to the hope that the Saxon capital would stay off the target list with the war so clearly near its end.

Then the bomb fell into Renner’s backyard.

The Allied decision to firebomb Dresden — immortalized in Kurt Vonnegut’s novel “Slaughterhouse Five” — has long been a source of controversy.

At the time, the Allies hoped the attack on a city deep in the German heartland would hit hard at civilian morale and help force the Nazis to capitulate. Some historians, however, said the destruction was a tragic waste of human life and cultural patrimony — with little to no effect on the outcome of the war.

Speaking at a memorial event in the rebuilt center of the city Friday, German President Joachim Gauck assured dignitaries from Britain and other former Allied nations: “You should know that we bear no lasting grudge.”

The raids that began on Feb. 13, 1945, left the city littered with corpses, and tens of thousands of Dresden’s buildings were turned to rubble, including its famous opera house and museums in the historic old city..

As Renner wandered the streets of Dresden, he saw a dead body for the first time in his life. In the days to come, he would see many more. Renner remembers the streets still being littered with bodies a week after the attack and coming across the corpse of a woman in a square.

It was not just the bombs dropped by the waves of British and U.S. bombers that wrought devastation. The fire made superheated air rise rapidly, creating a vacuum at ground level that produced winds strong enough to uproot trees and suck people into the flames. Many Dresden residents died of collapsed lungs.

Nazi propaganda from 1945 put the death toll at 200,000 and after the war some scholars estimated as many as 135,000 were killed — more than the combined total of those immediately killed by the nuclear blasts in Hiroshima and Nagasaki.

After neo-Nazis began inflating the figure further, talking of 500,000 to 1 million victims of a “bombing Holocaust,” the city established an expert commission to investigate. It concluded in 2008 that closer to 25,000 people were killed in the attack.

Whatever the number, Renner mourns the victims as friends, schoolmates and neighbors. Even if the Allies thought it would shorten the war, he said he thinks the bombing was unjustifiable.

“To sacrifice 25,000 woman and children, innocent people for that? That’s a war crime,” he said. “We started the war, but it is a war crime.”

SEAN GALLUP / GETTY IMAGES People standing along the Elbe River across from the historic Dresden city center link hands to create a human chain Friday in commemoration of the 70th anniversary of the Allied firebombing of Dresden in Dresden, Germany.