A retreat from public life
Sandra Day O’Connor, 88, is now fully retired and no longer does interviews.
years old, she decided that it was time to slow things down, that she’d accomplished most of what she set out to do in her post-retirement years, that she was getting older physically and her memory was starting to be more challenging, so the time came to dial back her public life,” said Jay O’Connor. His mother is no longer doing interviews.
Over about the past year, Jay O’Connor and his brother Brian cleared out O’Connor’s Supreme Court office and went through hundreds of boxes of files and other items she had in the building’s basement. A gavel used at her 1981 confirmation hearing, her Presidential Medal of Freedom and T-shirts made annually by an exercise class she started at the high court are among the items O’Connor has now donated to the court’s collection, the Library of Congress and the Smithsonian.
O’Connor was a state court judge before being unanimously confirmed to the Supreme Court at 51. She had graduated third in her class from Stanford Law School and was the first woman to lead the Arizona state senate. On the Supreme Court, her votes were key in cases about abortion, affirmative action and campaign finance as
well as the Bush v. Gore decision effectively settling the 2000 election in George W. Bush’s favor.
She was 75 when she announced her retirement from the court in 2005. It was a decision influenced by the decline in the health of her husband, John O’Connor III, who had been diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease.
Her departure was a moment not unlike Kennedy’s retirement this summer. The fellow Reagan appointees were moderate conservatives who often held the key vote in highprofile cases. O’Connor’s retirement and replacement by Justice Samuel Alito shifted the court right, making Kennedy’s vote the often-pivotal one. Kennedy’s replacement by Justice Brett Kavanaugh is expected to shift the court right again.
For her part, O’Connor wasn’t always delighted with the court’s more conservative direction after she left. Asked at a 2009 event how she felt about the court retreating from or undoing rulings she was instrumental in shaping, she responded: “What would you feel? I’d be a little bit disappointed. If you think you’ve been helpful, and then it’s dismantled, you think, ‘Oh, dear.’ But life goes on. It’s not always positive.”
After the court’s 2010 Citizens United ruling allowing corporations to spend freely on elections for Congress and president, she told an audience: “Gosh, I step away for a couple of years and there’s no telling what’s going to happen.” Still, that year she told an interviewer that she didn’t “regret for one minute” retiring when she did.
In 2009, the same year her husband died, she founded the group iCivics, which promotes civic education in schools through free, educational online games. O’Connor has called it “the most important work I’ve ever done.” Last year, the group’s 19 games were played by 5 million students.
She also wrote a children’s book and a book about the history of the court. She served as a visiting appeals court judge, participating in more than 175 cases on appeals courts nationwide. And she campaigned to persuade states that judges should be appointed, not elected, to preserve judicial independence.
O’Connor is happy that there are three women on the current Supreme Court.
“It’s all right to be the first to do something, but I didn’t want to be the last woman on the Supreme Court,” she said in 2012.