US scholars form Academic Freedom Alliance to defend free expression
Cornel West, Laura Kipnis and Stephen Pinker are among about 200 scholars from across the US who on Monday launched the Academic Freedom Alliance, a group with a mission to help college educators “speak, instruct and publish without fear of sanction, bullying, punishment, or persecution”.
The non-profit organization arose out of discussions among some Princeton University faculty members over how to counter what they see as growing intolerance of differing viewpoints.
They plan to serve as advocates for those they believe have been unjustly attacked, and to provide money for legal support if needed. Members will pay an annual fee of $50 if they are tenured professors; $35 for others; and the alliance also is seeking donations.
“We were looking for a way to foster a national conversation about these kinds of issues,” says Keith E Whittington of Princeton, who chairs the alliance’s academic committee.
Members range politically from West, of Harvard and a Bernie Sanders supporter, to retired Vanderbilt University professor Carol Swain, a backer of former president Donald Trump.
Others in the alliance include the constitutional scholar Sanford Levinson, based at the University of Texas School of Law; the award-winning novelist Charles Johnson, a professor emeritus at the University of Washington; and Nadine Strossen, a former president of the American Civil Liberties Union and a professor emerita at New York Law School.
Some members have been involved in free speech controversies. Kipnis, a Northwestern University professor, was condemned by some students for her 2015 essay Sexual Paranoia Strikes Academe, in which she challenged the school’s banning of teachers and students dating each other.
Pinker, a Harvard professor and bestselling linguist, was criticized by members of the Linguistic Society of America in 2011 for alleged insensitivity to racism and sexism. The group’s board defended Pinker, declaring: “It is not the mission of the Society to control the opinions of its members, nor their expression.”
Whittington, whose books include Speak Freely: Why Universities Must Defend Free Speech, said the alliance would be “narrowly focused on free speech and academic freedom issues”.
He cited two recent examples of why he says the alliance is needed.
Last summer, a University of Southern California professor, Greg Patton, was lecturing on Zoom about the use of filler words in language and mentioned a handful of Chinese terms that some students believed sounded like an English-language racial slur.
Patton was placed on leave, and only returned after a school investigation found that “the use of the Mandarin term had a legitimate pedagogical purpose”.
Also last summer, an Auburn University professor, Jesse Goldberg, faced calls for his firing and, he said, threats of violence, after posting a profane tweet that included: “The police do not protect people. They protect capital. They are instruments of violence on behalf of capital.”
Auburn called his tweet “inexcusable and completely antithetical to the Auburn Creed” and reassigned Goldberg from the classroom to a research position.
Asked if the alliance is a response to “cancel culture”, however that might be defined, Whittington called it an “amorphous phrase” but added that “some of what gets characterized as cancel culture poses a threat to a free society tolerant of dissent.
“To the extent that there are organized efforts to suppress and sanction professors who espouse controversial or unorthodox views, the alliance seeks to counter those pressures. Such pressures preceded what now gets characterized as cancel culture, but they have some overlap,” he said.