FISH FARMS
Trump's promotion of aquaculture expansion draws opposition from coalition
PORTLAND, Maine— President Donald Trump wants to dramatically expand aquaculture production in the United States, but a coalition of environmentalists believes his plan would be bad for the oceans, unnecessary for food security and difficult to implement.
Trump's bid to grow fish farming is designed to address the so-called “seafood deficit,” which refers to the fact that nine-tenths of the seafood Americans eat comes from overseas. The seafood trade gap with other countries approached $17 billion in 2017, according to one federal government report.
The president issued an executive order in May that promised broad changes in how the U.S. regulates fish farming. It included provisions to expedite the development of offshore aquaculture in deep federal waters. That sector of the industry has yet to emerge in the U.S., where most aquaculture takes place near shore where farmers grow salmon, oysters and other popular seafood items.
The Trump administration and the aquaculture industry said the order, which is being implemented now, represents common sense steps to ease the burden of rules on fish farmers. But environmental groups said it threatens to increase pollution and overdevelopment in the ocean at a time when many consumers aren't buying seafood.
“They're trying to somehow connect open- water aquaculture with the need for domestic food. But it just doesn't make sense,” said Marianne Cufone, executive director of the Recirculating Farms Coalition, one of several environmental groups that oppose the move. “Why we're seeing it during a pandemic, I don't know, I'm shaking my head.”
The executive order gives the nation's regional fishery management councils, which regulate fisheries, six months to recommend “actions to reduce burdens on domestic fishing.” One of the order's stated goals is “more effective permitting related to offshore aquaculture and additional streamlining of fishery regulations,” with “the potential to revolutionize American seafood production.”
The order aims to bring seafood production to the U.S. instead of keeping the nation dependent on other countries, said Paul Doremus, deputy assistant administrator for operations at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Marine Fisheries Service.
“We're a major seafood consuming country and we could be producing more of that seafood internally,” Doremus said. “That's the driving force behind the executive order as a whole.”
Aquaculture in federal waters has support from some major fish farmers, including Cooke Aquaculture, a Canadabased seafood giant. Cooke spokesman Joel Richardson said the order shows Trump's administration knows “the world needs more aquaculture to feed the world.” The company's operations include salmon farms in the nearshore waters of Maine.