Ratko Mladic, ‘Butcher of Bosnia,’ guilty of genocide
Serb warlord given life sentence at U.N. war crimes trial.
BERLIN — Ratko Mladic, a former Serb warlord who commanded forces that carried out some of the worst atrocities of the Balkan wars, was found guilty of genocide and other crimes against humanity by an international tribunal Wednesday.
Mladic, 74, was sentenced to life in prison for his role in the bloodiest chapter of European history since World War II.
His conviction on 10 of 11 counts marks the last major prosecution by the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia, which the U.N. Security Council set up more than two decades ago.
The verdict was hailed as a victory for justice — even if it was long delayed.
“Mladic is the epitome of evil, and the prosecution of Mladic is the epitome of what international justice is all about,” said U.N. human rights chief Zeid Ra’ad al-Hussein.
Mladic, whose attorneys had sought to block Wednesday’s judgment on the grounds that he was too ill to attend trial, had been removed from the courtroom before the verdict was read following an angry outburst in which he shouted insults at the presiding judge, Alphons Orie. Mladic’s attorneys said he will appeal the verdict, and continued to deny the charges.
Also at The Hague to witness the verdict were survivors, including those who had been held in concentration camps and mothers who lost their children during a merciless years-long military campaign against Bosnian Muslims that the court ruled amounted to an extermination attempt.
Survivors applauded and wept as the decision by the three-judge panel was read, with many saying it represented a just punishment for a man dubbed the “Butcher of Bosnia.”
Orie said in reading the verdict that Mladic’s crimes “rank among the most heinous known to humankind.” The judgment came after a trial that lasted more than four years, and involved testimony from nearly 600 witnesses.
They recounted a litany of horrors carried out by forces under Mladic’s command during the war in Bosnia from 1992 to 1995, which claimed upward of 100,000 lives. The atrocities included sniper attacks, indiscriminate shelling, mass executions, and imprisonment in camps where people died of malnourishment and disease.
Perhaps most horrific was the Mladic-directed July 1995 massacre of more than 7,000 Bosnian Muslim men and boys at Srebrenica, a supposed U.N. safe haven. Mladic was also convicted of orchestrating the destruction of Sarajevo, the Bosnian capital, through a four-year siege punctuated by shelling and sniper fire.
“Burn their brains!” witnesses reported Mladic, a career military man, shouting as he watched his troops shell the city.
Mladic, an ultranationalist, viewed the war as a chance for Serbs to avenge hundreds of years of occupation by Muslim Turks. Wednesday’s judgment found that he persecuted Croats and Muslims with the intent to create “ethnically clean” territories.
“Circumstances were brutal,” Orie said in reading the verdict. “Those who tried to defend their homes were met with ruthless force. Mass executions occurred and some victims succumbed after being beaten. Many of the perpetrators who had captured Bosnian Muslims, showed little or no respect for human life or dignity.”
The prosecutions of Balkan war criminals are considered the most important war crimes cases in Europe since the Nuremberg trials of Nazi perpetrators.
Of the 161 people indicted by the tribunal on war crimes charges, none remain at large today.