Temperatures are dropping — are you prepared?

Winter has officially arrived. Whether you and your younger ones are staying at home or venturing out for work, school, or play, being prepared for severe weather conditions is essential — especially in Arkansas. Here are a few tips to prepare for your family’s safety during this cold winter season.

One of my favorite places to be when there is cold weather is inside! There are a few things to do to prepare your home for cold weather. Check your heating systems and ensure your chimneys and fireplaces are cleaned out. If you are using a fireplace, whether gas or wood, it should never be left unattended while in use. At least one adult should always carefully monitor young children around fireplaces.

Ensure that you have working smoke alarms and carbon monoxide detectors installed throughout your home to alert your family of any potential dangers. Sadly, it is estimated by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention that more than 400 people die and approximately 50,000 people are treated for carbon monoxide poisoning each year. Signs of carbon monoxide poisoning consist of flu-like symptoms including headache, dizziness, weakness, upset stomach, vomiting, chest pain and confusion.

Always be prepared for a power outage by investing in an emergency kit for your home that includes flashlights, extra batteries, a first-aid kit, and extra medicine. I think we have all been guilty of running to the grocery store to buy milk and bread the minute we hear the meteorologist say “snow.” It is not a bad idea to take a trip to the grocery store. Have enough food and water on-hand to feed your household for at least three days, as well as warm clothes readily available. You never know what the road conditions may be after winter weather!

If you have a car, fill the gas tank in case you must leave. In addition, check or have a mechanic check the following items on your car:

• Antifreeze levels — ensure they are sufficient to avoid freezing.

• Battery and ignition system — should be in top condition and battery terminals should be clean.

• Brakes — check for wear and fluid levels.

• Exhaust system — check for leaks and crimped pipes and repair or replace as necessary. Carbon monoxide is deadly and usually gives no warning.

• Fuel and air filters — replace and keep water out of the system by using additives and maintaining a full tank of gas.

• Heater and defroster — ensure they work properly.

• Lights and flashing hazard lights — check for serviceability.

• Oil — check for level and weight. Heavier oils congeal more at low temperatures and do not lubricate as well.

• Thermostat — ensure it works properly.

• Tires — make sure the tires have adequate tread. All-weather radials are usually adequate for most winter conditions. However, some jurisdictions require that to drive on their roads, vehicles must be equipped with chains or snow tires with studs.

• Windshield wiper equipment — repair any problems and maintain proper washer fluid level.

If you do venture outdoors, be sure to wear layers of light and warm clothing such as a wind-resistant coat, waterproof shoes, a hat, gloves, and scarf. When selecting shoes and boots, ensure they fit properly and have soles with good traction. Snow boots or hiking boots will provide the best protection for the worst type of weather. It is essential for both youths and adults to know the signs of hypothermia and frostbite, and if symptoms are severe, seek medical attention immediately.

It may sound silly, but to avoid slips and falls, remember to walk like a penguin. Take short steps and walk as flat-footed as possible on icy or slippery ground and keep your hands free. Carrying heavy loads and putting your hands in your pockets could knock you off balance! Be a good neighbor and keep visitors and family safe by removing ice and snow from sidewalks and walkways to prevent slips and falls.

PAT training

Garland County is conducting two PAT training sessions on Jan. 26, at 2 p.m. and at 5 p.m. Each session will be limited to 12 people, by reservations only. Call the Garland County Extension Office, 501-623-6841 to register. The cost is $20; checks are preferred.

4-H information

There are several 4-H Clubs for Garland County youths who are 5 to 19 years old. For more information on all the fun 4-H activities that are available, call Carol Ann McAfee at the Extension Office, 501-623-6841, or email her at cmafee@uada.edu.

Master Gardener information

Master Gardener meetings are held on the third Thursday of each month at the Elks Lodge. Meetings are open to the public and guests are welcome. For more information, call Luke Duffle at the Extension Office, 501-623-6841, or email him at lduffle@uada.edu.

EHC information

Interested in joining an existing Extension Homemakers Club? EHC is the largest volunteer organization in the state. For more information on EHC, call Alison Crane, family and consumer sciences agent, at 501-623-6841 or email her at acrane@uada.edu.