Teen Afghan girls face uncertain future after 1 year of no school
KABUL, Afghanistan — For most teenage girls in Afghanistan, it’s been a year since they set foot in a classroom. With no sign the ruling Taliban will allow them back to school, some are trying to find ways to keep education from stalling for a generation of young women.
At a house in Kabul, dozens gathered on a recent day for classes in an informal school set up by Sodaba Nazhand. She and her sister teach English, science and math to girls who should be in secondary school.
“When the Taliban wanted to take away the rights of education and the rights of work from women, I wanted to stand against their decision by teaching these girls,” Nazhand told The Associated Press.
Hers is one of a number of underground schools in operation since the Taliban took over the country a year ago and banned girls from continuing their education past the sixth grade. While the Taliban have permitted women to continue attending universities, this exception will become irrelevant when there are no more girls graduating from high schools.
“There is no way to fill this gap, and this situation is very sad and concerning,” Nazhand said.
The relief agency Save the Children interviewed nearly 1,700 boys and girls between the ages of 9 and 17 in seven provinces to assess the impact of the education restrictions.
The survey, conducted in May and June and released Wednesday, found that more than 45% of girls are not going to school, compared with 20% of boys. It also found that 26% of girls are showing signs of depression, compared with 16% of boys.
Nearly the entire population of Afghanistan was thrown into poverty and millions were left unable to feed their families when the world cut off financing in response to the Taliban takeover.
Teachers, parents and experts all warn that the country’s multiple crises, including the devastating collapse of the economy, are proving especially damaging to girls. The Taliban have restricted women’s work, encouraged them to stay at home and issued dress codes requiring them to cover their faces, except for their eyes, though the codes are not always enforced.
The international communi
ty is demanding that the Taliban open schools for all girls, and the U.S. and EU have created plans to pay salaries directly to Afghanistan’s teachers, keeping the sector going without putting the funds through the Taliban.
But the question of girls’ education appears to have been tangled in behind-the-scenes differences among the Taliban. Some in the movement support returning girls to school — whether because they see no religious objection to it or because they want to improve ties with the world. Others, especially rural, tribal elders who make up the backbone of the movement, staunchly oppose it.
During their first time ruling Afghanistan in the 1990s, the Taliban imposed much stricter restrictions on women, banning school for all girls, barring women from work and requiring them to wear an all-encompassing burka if they went outside.
In the 20 years after the Taliban were driven from power in 2001, an entire generation of women returned to school and work, particularly in urban areas. Seemingly acknowledging those changes, the Taliban reassured Afghans when they seized control again last year that they would not return to the heavy hand of the past.
Officials have publicly insisted that they will allow teen girls back into school, but say time is needed to set up logistics for strict gender segregation to ensure an “Islamic framework.”
Hopes were raised in March: Just before the new school year was to begin, the Taliban Education Ministry proclaimed everyone would be allowed back. But on March 23, the day of the reopening, the decision was suddenly reversed, surprising even ministry officials. It appeared that at the last minute, the Taliban’s supreme leader, Mullah Haibatullah Akhundzada, bowed to the opposition.
Shekiba Qaderi, a 16-yearold, recalled how she showed up that day, ready to start the 10th grade. She and all her classmates were laughing and excited, until a teacher came in and told them to go home. The girls broke into tears, she said. “That was the worst moment in our lives.”
Since then, she’s been trying to keep up with studies at home, reading her textbooks, novels and history books. She’s studying English through movies and Youtube videos.
The unequal access to education cuts through families. Shekiba and a younger sister can’t go to her school, but her two brothers can. Her older sister is at a private university studying law. But that is little comfort, said their father, Mohammad Shah Qaderi. Most of the professors have left the country, bringing down the quality of the education.
Even if the young woman gets a university degree, “what is the benefit?” asked Qaderi, a 58-year-old retired government employee.
“She won’t have a job. The Taliban won’t allow her to work,” he said.
Qaderi said he has always wanted his children to get a higher education. Now that may be impossible, so he’s thinking of leaving Afghanistan for the first time after riding out years of war.
“I can’t see them growing in front of my eyes with no education; it is just not acceptable to me,” he said.
Underground schools present another alternative, though with limitations.
A month after the Taliban takeover, Nazhand started teaching street children to read with informal outdoor classes in a park in her neighborhood. Women who couldn’t read or write joined them, she said. Some time later, a benefactor who saw her in the park rented a house for her to hold classes in, and bought tables and chairs. Once she was operating inside, Nazhand included teen girls who were no longer allowed to go to public school.
Now there are about 250 students, including 50 or 60 schoolgirls above sixth grade.
“I am not only teaching them school subjects, but also trying to teach them how to fight and stand for their rights,” Nazhand said. The Taliban haven’t changed from their first time in power in the late 1990s, she said. “These are the same Taliban, but we shouldn’t be the same women of those years. We must struggle: by writing, by raising our voice, by any way possible.”
Nazhand’s school, and others like it, are technically illegal under the Taliban’s current restrictions, but so far they haven’t shut hers down. At least one other person operating a school declined to speak to reporters, however, fearing possible repercussions.
Despite her unwavering commitment, Nazhand worries about her school’s future. Her benefactor paid for six months’ rent on the house, but he died recently, and she doesn’t have any way to keep paying for rent or supplies.
For students, the underground schools are a lifeline.
“It is so hard when you can’t go to school,” said one of them, Dunya Arbabzada. “Whenever I pass by my school and see the closed door … it’s so upsetting for me.”
Births
CHI St. Vincent Hot Springs
Aug. 3
Lukas and Alyssa Murray, Hot Springs, a son, Carson Sage.
David and Callie Hignight, Bismarck, a son, Colter Bennett.
Aug. 4
Jessica Bradshaw and Brian Barrett, Amity, a daughter, Maelee Renae.
Kendall and Kolton Blees, Pearcy, a son, Kason Jay.
Christa Phillips and Torrey Davis, Hot Springs, a son, Taylen Tramain. Aug. 8
Skylar and Hannah Burns, Hot Springs, a son, Cannon Payne.
Steven and Alecia Brothers, Plainview, a son, Riley Ridge.
Samantha Stiles and Cort Adams, Mount Ida, a son, Jace Brendan Lee.
Danette and Jeffrey Crain, Plainview, a daughter, Genevieve Riley.
Cristina Cortes and Jesus Medina, Glenwood, a daughter, Livie Rose. Aug. 9
Madison Wiles and Dustin Langley, Pearcy, a son, Brooks Waylon. Marriage licenses
Aug. 5
Matthew Troy Coffman, 37, and Kayla Marie Merritt, 25, both of Hot Springs.
Kenneth Earl Jenkins, 56, and Stacy Lynn Russell, 47, both of Edmond, Okla.
Zachariah Joseph Jenkins, 28, and Amanda Kay Kimble, 38, both of Hot Springs.
Michael Christopher Parker, 36, and Roselynn Mae Hayes, 38, both of Hot Springs.
Benjamin Trevor Sheets, 27, and Kayla Jean Hinkle, 28, both of Bonnerdale.
Jonathan David Tackett, 24, and Kirsten Ellen Swanson, 27, both of Hot Springs.
Aug. 8
Clyde Olan Alvis, 64, and Linda L. Stewart, 71, both of Mount Pleasant, Texas.
Jakeb Alan Craig, 23, and Nevina Mae Bomer, 22, both of Hot Springs.
Anthony Tyrone Henderson, 52, of
Memphis, Tenn., and Kendra Cherise Bell, 40, of Cordova, Tenn.
Stephen Edward Laws, 53, and Angelica Chelsea Crockett, 29, both of Arkadelphia.
Yochechi Wykahbo Mangrum, 34, and Megan Lyn Friar, 32, both of Little Rock.
Connor Alec Massery, 24, and Ciara Rain Shook, 23, both of Little Rock.
Aug. 9
Thomas Norman Duncan, 51, and Barbara Ellen Davis, 52, both of Hot Springs.
Hunter Louis Morel, 27, and Cheyenne Marie Fox, 30, both of Hot Springs Village.
Robert Edward Ungar0, 62, and Elsa D. Gonzalez Rivera, 46, both of Hot Springs.
Aug. 10
Christopher Kerr Fowler, 67, and Brandi Jane Babin, 43, both of Lafayette, La.
John Henry Greene, 18, and Annah-marie A. Duzan, 18, both of Hot Springs.
Jeffery Scott Porter, 52, and Brooke Morgan Victory, 29, both of Hot Springs.
Omar S. Ware, 44, and Latasha D. Chapman, 39, both of Atlanta, Texas. Aug. 11
Pierre Astaire Adair, 35, and Courtney Lorrainne Cox, 27, both of Hot Springs.
Richard Devin Newcomer, 55, of Monroe, La., and Angela Franklin Hammons, 52, of Downville, La.
Nathan Samuel O’brien, 45, and Delmy Aracely, 36, both of Hot Springs.
Zachary Trent Stevens, 39, and Stephanie Beatrice Ghiocel, 26, both of Hot Springs.
Cherokee L. Streetman, 32, and Jessica Renee Pulliam, 30, both of Hot Springs.
Divorces
Aug. 8
Kati N. Bazzell vs. Nicolas P. Bazzell.
Brandy Clemons Wadley vs. Paul Wadley.
Deena Leann Leeder vs. Marc David Leeder.
Jams Eric Mckee vs. Carisa Williams Mckee.
Larry Holcomb vs. Kimberly Holcomb.
Civil Cases
Aug. 3
Cavalry SPV I LLC vs. James Barentine.
Dewayne E. Withers vs. Q Byrum Hurst, et al.
Discover Bank vs. Tatiana Harris. Discover Bank vs. Steve E. Rooker. DFA vs. Russell A. Washington. Discover Bank vs. Melissa G. Parker.
Aug. 4
American Express National Bank vs. Patsy Skipper. Discover Bank vs. Misti Bland. In the matter of Katherine Hughes vs. ex parte.
Shipley Franchise Company LLC, et al vs. Jeff By.
Discover Bank vs. Wayne Elledge. Aug. 5
First Portfolio Ventures vs. Nona Peacock.
First Portfolio Ventures I LLC vs. Brandon Raynor.
DFA vs. Matthew W. Parchman. DFA vs. Quinton L. Haywood. DFA vs. Shane C. Humphreys. Hot Springs Realty Inc. vs. Benjamin Harding.
Fortune Park LLC vs. Joann L. Gray, et al.
Discover Bank vs. Carter West. Aug. 8
Hot Springs Advertising and Promotion Commission vs. Cassie Francioni.
In the matter of Alysa Michelle Galbreth vs. ex parte. Jessica Daniels vs. Melinda Gray. Jordanott Properties LLC vs. Brenda House.
Aug. 9
Arkansas State Highway Commission vs. John Howard, et al.
Kay Davis vs. Columbia Insurance Group, et al.
Capital One Bank vs. Meta Stewart.
Capital One Bank NA vs. Brian Short.
Marianne Insogno vs. Russell Godwin.
Criminal Cases
Aug. 3
Roshaunda Lanae Williams, aggravated assault.
Jordan Glenn Tarvin, breaking or entering, theft of property over $1,000,
Raymond Patrick Faulkner, residential burglary.
David Orlando Ortiz, aggravated assault.
Vance Allen Brown II, simultaneous possession of drugs and firearms, possession of a controlled substance, meth, with purpose to deliver, possession of drug paraphernalia, two counts.
Aug. 4
Kenneth Dewayne House, theft by receiving over $1,000.
David Orlando Ortiz, aggravated assault.
Steven Edward Mcneely, possession of a controlled substance, meth, possession of drug paraphernalia. Aug. 5
Jessica Nicole Ferguson, felony third-degree domestic battery, violation of a no contact order.
Jennifer Jane Espinoza, extradition.
Aug. 8
James Caleb Thompson, possession of a controlled substance, meth, possession of drug paraphernalia. Aug. 9
Andrew Joshua Brown, possession of a controlled substance, meth, possession of drug paraphernalia.
Timothy Williams, failure to register as sex offender or report address change.
Joseph Wayne Miller, theft by receiving of a firearm, transfer of stolen property to a pawn shop.
Gary Waters, aggravated assault on a family or household member, second-degree endangering the welfare of a minor.
Chantze T. Howze, simultaneous possession of drugs and firearms, possession of firearms by certain persons, fleeing, possession of a controlled substance, marijuana, with purpose to deliver, possession of drug paraphernalia, second-degree criminal mischief.
Anthony J. Page, theft by receiving over $5,000, violation of domestic order of protection.
Chasity N. Couturier, simultaneous possession of drugs and firearms, possession of a controlled substance, meth, with purpose to deliver, possession of a controlled substance, cocaine, with purpose to deliver, possession of a controlled substance, ecstasy, with purpose to deliver, possession of a controlled substance, marijuana, with purpose to deliver, possession of drug paraphernalia.
Daniel Richard Fuchs, simultaneous possession of drugs and firearms, possession of a controlled substance, meth, with purpose to deliver, possession of a controlled substance, cocaine, with purpose to deliver, possession of a controlled substance, ecstasy, with purpose to deliver, possession of a controlled substance, marijuana, with purpose to deliver, possession of firearms by certain persons, possession of drug paraphernalia.
Bankruptcies Western Division of Arkansas (Hot Springs) Aug. 4
Erica Laverne Bailey, 1038 Pine St., Apt. 25, Arkadelphia, Chapter 13.
Sammie Yvette Beavers, 116 Baber St., Hot Springs, Chapter 13.
Timothy A. Rogers, aka Tim A. Rogers, 2377 Shouse Ford Road, Amity, Chapter 13.
Aug. 5
Stephanie Lynn Odie, 503 N. Banks St., Malvern, Chapter 13.
Aug. 8
Hannah Leigh Ann Fox, 246 Walnut Valley Road, Hot Springs, Chapter 13.
Mark Whatley and Nastassahja Whatley, 132 Jewell Meeks Trail, Lot A, Hot Springs, Chapter 7.