A prescription against the next pandemic: Medicare for All

More than 330,000 people in the United States died during the pandemic because they were uninsured or underinsured. That grim statistic was reported this week by researchers at the Yale School of Public Health.

In addition to that staggering, preventable death toll, in 2020 alone, our “fragmented and inefficient health care system,” cost the U.S. $459 billion more than if we had genuine, universal health care. The Yale team prescription to prepare for the next pandemic: “Medicare for All.”

“Our current health care system is dysfunctional. It is extraordinarily wasteful and expensive, and it is cruel,” Vermont Independent Sen. Bernie Sanders said as he opened a Senate Budget Committee hearing on Medicare for All last month.

“The American people understand as I do, that health care is a human right and not a privilege, and that we must end the international embarrassment of our great country being the only major nation on Earth that does not guarantee health care as a human right to all of its people,” Sanders continued. “Over 70 million Americans today are either uninsured or underinsured … There are millions of people in our country who would like to go to a doctor, who have to go to the doctor, but cannot afford to do so. This is unacceptable, this is un-American, and this cannot be allowed to happen in the wealthiest country on earth.”

Sanders has introduced S.4204, the Medicare for All Act of 2022, with 14 Democratic senators as cosponsors. Similar legislation is also before the House of Representatives. Medicare for All would lower the eligibility age for the federal Medicare health insurance program from 65 to the time of birth.

Opponents of Medicare for All disparage it as “government-run” health care. This criticism is wrong. In the United Kingdom, for example, the NHS, the National Health Service, is government-run. The government owns all the hospitals and clinics, and the doctors, nurses and other staff are government employees. In the U.S., the Veterans Administration and the Indian Health Service are government-run, just like the NHS.

Medicare for All would dismantle the bloated, private insurance bureaucracy, saving hundreds of billions of dollars annually. At the budget hearing, Committee Chair Sanders summarized, “The six largest health insurance companies in America last year made over $60 billion in profit, led by United Health Group which made $24 billion in the midst of the pandemic in 2021. But it’s not just the profits of the insurance companies … The CEOs of 178 major health care companies collectively made $3.2 billion in total compensation in 2020, up 31% from 2019. According to Axios, in 2020, the CEO of Cigna, David Cordani, took home $79 million in compensation while people died.”

An analysis produced by the Political Economy Research Institute, PERI, at UMass Amherst, includes a “just transition” for the close to 900,000 people employed by the health insurance industry. Savings provided by a single-payer system could pay for a combination of early retirement and retraining, lessening the impact on those workers.

Single-payer, or Medicare for All, makes sense in normal times, but we are not in normal times. The global COVID-19 pandemic has ripped the scabs off of so many sectors of our society, exposing and exacerbating inequities and a lethal lack of preparation.

The Yale study puts real numbers to it, noting the disproportionate impact on poor and low-income communities and on people of color.

Universal health care would lead to a healthier population more capable of withstanding the impacts of the next pandemic. Regular, preventive doctor visits, the comfort and security of knowing that a needed procedure or hospital visit won’t lead to bankruptcy or add to personal debt, all contribute to a broader resilience. Citing a Gallup poll, the Yale researchers write, “Due to apprehension about their ability to pay, 14% of U.S. adults reported that even if they experienced the two most common symptoms of COVID-19, fever and dry cough, they would still avoid seeking care.”

Another lesson of the pandemic is that when any of us is exposed, all of us are. Universal, effective and affordable health care makes us all stronger and safer. The simplest way to achieve that is Medicare for All.