German minister calls colonial-era killings in Namibia ‘genocide’

BERLIN - A German minister has described the slaughter of Herero and Nama tribespeople in Namibia more than a century ago as genocide, one of the most senior government members to use the term while compensation claims are under discussion.

German soldiers slaughtered some 65, 000 Herero and 10, 000 Nama members in a 1904-1908 campaign after a revolt against land seizures by colonists in what historians and the United Nations have long called the first genocide of the 20th century.

While Germany has previously admitted “moral responsibility” for the killings, it has avoided making an official apology for the massacres to avoid compensation claims.

On a trip to the southern African nation, Development Minister Gerd Mueller reiterated Germany’s historic responsibility in Namibia.

“It is our job not to forget but to work through the German colonial history and strengthen the reconciliation process,” he said on his visit, which ended yesterday.

“It is in the meantime clear that the crimes and abominations from 1904 to 1908 were what we today describe as genocide,” Mueller said after meeting tribespeople, according to a ministry spokesman.

There was no immediate reaction from Namibian officials or tribespeople’s representatives to Mueller’s comment. During its 1904-08 campaign in what was then German South West Africa, the German Reich sent reinforcements to put down an uprising by tribespeople over their expulsion from land and recruitment into forced labour. The Hereros had killed 123 German traders, settlers and soldiers.

In addition to the slaughter, thousands of Hereros were driven into the desert and died of thirst and starvation, and the rest were sent to concentration camps. Germany last year handed over to Namibia skulls and other remains of massacred tribespeople used in the colonial era for experiments to push claims of European racial superiority. Germany, which lost all its colonial territories after World War One, was the third biggest colonial power after Britain and France. However, its colonial past was ignored for decades while historians and politicians focused more on the legacy of Nazi crimes, including the Holocaust.

It is our job not to forget but to work through the German colonial history and strengthen the reconciliation process,”