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excise duty from 30 percent (15 percent for Fuel Levy) to seven percent in 2008 to reduce pump prices.

As of April 2010 Fuel Levy

scenarios at different points.

was equivalent to 8.8 and 11.3

The socio-economic develop-

US cents per litre for diesel and

+260 211 243527 ment petrol High objectives respectively, sulphur enshrined diesel among is the in the highest preferred rates scenario in the region. include Total

offensive to the envi- the fuel following: taxes (customs duty, excise

ronment, health and

• To attain and sustain real

the equipment itself.

growth of 6 percent (2006- 2010), The significantly 8 percent (2011-2015), low

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9 level percent of sulphur (2016-2020) leads and 10 to percent cleaner between emissions. 2021 and 2030.

• To attain and maintain a moderate inflation rate of 5 percent and to reduce national poverty head count to less than 20 percent of the population.

The vision 2030, which is Zambia’s first ever written long term plan, is about creating a strong and dynamic mid- dle income industrial nation. The realisation of this vision depends on actions and mea- sures that will be undertaken by Government, private sector cooperating partners, civil so- ciety and individuals through short and medium term na- tional development plans.

I am a firm believer in being visionary and target driven. I believe that this national vision is tenable. I can only hope that there will be no policy reversals that underpin this vision.

One of the factors that has affected Africa’s development negatively is policy reversals that accompany a new leader when he gets power. A new leader’s propensity for changes, and grandiose appetite to leave a legacy of his own, has in most