关键词：热成形钢 氢致延迟断裂 氢脆机理 铌微合金化 中图分类号：U465 文献标识码：B 10.19710/J.cnki.1003-8817.20200480 DOI:

Hydrogen-induced Delayed Fracture of Hot-formed Steel and Hotstamped Parts

Ma Mingtu1, Liu Bangyou2, Chen Yi Sheng2, Lu Hongzhou3

（1. China Automotive Engineering Research Institute Co., Ltd, Chongqing 401122; 2. The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2006;

3. CITIC Metal Co., Ltd, Beijing 100004） Abstract：the development and application of ultra- high strength steel is the main approach to reduce the weight and improve the safety of automobile. The development and application of high-performance hot-formed steel with strength of 1 500 MPA and above is the key. However, the risk of hydrogen embrittlement of hot-formed steel and hot-stamped components of ultra-high strength steel must be taken seriously and avoided. This paper introduces the discovery, the concept and the mechanism of hydrogen embrittlement, and proposes the coupling mechanism of hydrogen induced local plasticity and crystal boundary debonding to explain the phenomenon of hydrogen embrittlement cracking of hot- formed steel, and then summarizes the methods of restraining hydrogen embrittlement and the test results of hydrogen embrittlement suppression by niobium microalloying. The cause of improvement of hydrogen- induced delayed fracture resistance by niobium microalloying is explained according to the coupling hydrogen- induced delayed fracture mechanism of Hydrogen Enhancement Local Plasticity (HELP) and Hydrogen Enhancement Debonding Effect (HEDE). Key words: Press- formed steel, Hydrogen- induced delayed fracture, Hydrogen embrittlement, Niobium microalloying

1 前言

1874 年，Johnson首先发表了钢铁产品在氢作用的环境下韧性大幅度减少的试验结果[1]。此后，

关于氢致延迟断裂的研究引起了各国的相关学者和工程技术人员的广泛兴趣，迄今为止有近四万

[2]，近年来，每篇关于氢致断裂延迟研究论文发表年仍有数百篇论文发表。这些数据表明，这一问

作者简介：马鸣图（1942—），男，教授、博导，博士学位，研究方向为先进汽车用钢。通讯作者：路洪洲（1981—），男，教授级高级工程师，博士学位，研究方向为汽车制造。基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助（U1764252）。

参考文献引用格式：

马鸣图, 路洪洲, 陈翊昇, 等.热成形钢及热冲压零件的氢致延迟断裂[J]. 汽车工艺与材料，2021（4）：1-11.

MA M, LIU B, CHEN Y, et al. Hydrogen-induced Delayed Fracture of Hot-formed Steel and Hot-stamped Parts [J]. Automobile Technology & Material, 2021(4): 1-11.