Automobile Technology & Material

冲压工艺对钢板力学性­能的影响和仿真应用研­究

- 郑颢 欧阳俊 王玉超 刘彦梅 李伟 黄毅

510000) (广州汽车集团股份有限­公司汽车工程研究院,广州

摘要:为了明确零部件在冲压­工艺过程中导致的力学­性能改变对碰撞安全性­能的影响,提高整车仿真精度,研究了 GC420LA 高强钢零部件与原始板­材之间的性能差异。分别针对原始板材试样­与零部件试样进行了准­静态和中应变率拉伸试­验,分析了工艺影响的应变­率效应,并基于以上结果提出了­一种板材力学性能的工­艺影响修正方法。利用该方法分别对材料­级别试验工况和吸能盒­碰撞工况模型进行仿真,结果仿真与试

90%以上的精度,验证了该方法可以有效­应用于整车碰撞仿真,在减少试验的前提下提­高碰验对标都达到了

撞仿真精度。

关键词:静动态拉伸 零部件冲击 修正方法 仿真对标

中图分类号:U466 文献标识码:B 10.19710/J.cnki.1003-8817.20200138

DOI: Influence of Punching Process on Mechanical Properties of Steel Plate & Simulation Applicatio­n Study Zheng Hao, Ouyang Jun, Wang Yuchao, Liu Yanmei, Li Wei, Huang Yi

(GAC Automotive Research & Developmen­t Center, Guangzhou 510000) Abstract:in order to clarify the impact of mechanical properties change of parts in the punching process on the crash safety performanc­e, and improve the vehicle simulation accuracy, this paper studies the performanc­e difference between GC420LA high strength steel parts and the original plate. Quasi-static and medium strain rate tensile tests are carried out on the original sheet and sample parts respective­ly, and the strain rate effect of process influence is analyzed. Based on the above results, the paper proposes a correction method of process influence on mechanical properties of sheet. And this method is used to simulate material-level test condition and crash box condition model respective­ly. The simulation results show that the accuracy of simulation and test is more than 90%, which verifies that the method can be effectivel­y applied to vehicle crash simulation and improve the accuracy of crash simulation on the premise of reducing the times of tests. Key words: Static and dynamic tensile test, Part impact, Correction method, Simulation

1 前言

汽车碰撞过程是一个瞬­时的动态过程,在典型的汽车正面碰撞­测试中车身材料的应变­率可达

500 /s

甚至更高[1-2]。国内外许多学者都对常­用车用材料的力学性能­及其力学模型表征方法­开展了大量的研究,主要关注原始板材的应­变率效应和动态力学性­能曲线的应用方法[3- 6]。而从原始板材制备实际­整车中的零部件的过程,材料经过了一系列的生­产工艺,包括冲压成形、焊接、涂装、烘烤等,最终其性能往往与原始­板材的力学特性有较大­差异。

范瑞麟[7]等研究了经冲压工艺形­成的加工硬化现象及其­对碰撞变形吸能产生的­影响。毛博文[8]等研究

HC340LA

了预应变和应变速率对 钢板力学性能的

JC

影响,并通过 模型拟合试验数据得到­材料的动态本构关系,以应用于材料碰撞仿真­数值计算。目前

作者简介:郑颢(1982—),男,中级工程师,硕士学位,研究方向被动安全优化­设计与仿真。

参考文献引用格式:

郑颢, 欧阳俊, 王玉超, 等.冲压工艺对钢板力学性­能的影响和仿真应用研­究[J].汽车工艺与材料, 2021(11):10-15.

ZHENG H, OUYANG J, WANG Y C, et al. Influence of Punching Process on Mechanical Properties of Steel Plate & Simulation Applicatio­n Study [J]. Automobile Technology & Material, 2021(11): 10-15.

Newspapers in Chinese (Simplified)

Newspapers from China