Automobile Technology & Material
冲压工艺对钢板力学性能的影响和仿真应用研究
510000) (广州汽车集团股份有限公司汽车工程研究院,广州
摘要:为了明确零部件在冲压工艺过程中导致的力学性能改变对碰撞安全性能的影响,提高整车仿真精度,研究了 GC420LA 高强钢零部件与原始板材之间的性能差异。分别针对原始板材试样与零部件试样进行了准静态和中应变率拉伸试验,分析了工艺影响的应变率效应,并基于以上结果提出了一种板材力学性能的工艺影响修正方法。利用该方法分别对材料级别试验工况和吸能盒碰撞工况模型进行仿真,结果仿真与试
90%以上的精度,验证了该方法可以有效应用于整车碰撞仿真,在减少试验的前提下提高碰验对标都达到了
撞仿真精度。
关键词:静动态拉伸 零部件冲击 修正方法 仿真对标
中图分类号:U466 文献标识码:B 10.19710/J.cnki.1003-8817.20200138
DOI: Influence of Punching Process on Mechanical Properties of Steel Plate & Simulation Application Study Zheng Hao, Ouyang Jun, Wang Yuchao, Liu Yanmei, Li Wei, Huang Yi
(GAC Automotive Research & Development Center, Guangzhou 510000) Abstract:in order to clarify the impact of mechanical properties change of parts in the punching process on the crash safety performance, and improve the vehicle simulation accuracy, this paper studies the performance difference between GC420LA high strength steel parts and the original plate. Quasi-static and medium strain rate tensile tests are carried out on the original sheet and sample parts respectively, and the strain rate effect of process influence is analyzed. Based on the above results, the paper proposes a correction method of process influence on mechanical properties of sheet. And this method is used to simulate material-level test condition and crash box condition model respectively. The simulation results show that the accuracy of simulation and test is more than 90%, which verifies that the method can be effectively applied to vehicle crash simulation and improve the accuracy of crash simulation on the premise of reducing the times of tests. Key words: Static and dynamic tensile test, Part impact, Correction method, Simulation
1 前言
汽车碰撞过程是一个瞬时的动态过程,在典型的汽车正面碰撞测试中车身材料的应变率可达
500 /s
甚至更高[1-2]。国内外许多学者都对常用车用材料的力学性能及其力学模型表征方法开展了大量的研究,主要关注原始板材的应变率效应和动态力学性能曲线的应用方法[3- 6]。而从原始板材制备实际整车中的零部件的过程,材料经过了一系列的生产工艺,包括冲压成形、焊接、涂装、烘烤等,最终其性能往往与原始板材的力学特性有较大差异。
范瑞麟[7]等研究了经冲压工艺形成的加工硬化现象及其对碰撞变形吸能产生的影响。毛博文[8]等研究
HC340LA
了预应变和应变速率对 钢板力学性能的
JC
影响,并通过 模型拟合试验数据得到材料的动态本构关系,以应用于材料碰撞仿真数值计算。目前
作者简介:郑颢(1982—),男,中级工程师,硕士学位,研究方向被动安全优化设计与仿真。
参考文献引用格式:
郑颢, 欧阳俊, 王玉超, 等.冲压工艺对钢板力学性能的影响和仿真应用研究[J].汽车工艺与材料, 2021(11):10-15.
ZHENG H, OUYANG J, WANG Y C, et al. Influence of Punching Process on Mechanical Properties of Steel Plate & Simulation Application Study [J]. Automobile Technology & Material, 2021(11): 10-15.